White jade bitter gourd cultivation and pest control technology

Baiyu bitter gourd was imported from Taiwan in 2003. It was named after Guaishi. After trial planting, it was found to have wide adaptability, easier cultivation and management than local bitter gourd, high yield, and ripeness earlier. As a characteristic bitter gourd introduced into our region, the market prospect is very broad.

1 Characteristics

Early and mid-maturity, more resistant to powdery mildew and downy mildew, green leaves, stout stalks, main stem length up to 5 ~ 8m, strong growth, strong branching, melon vines starting from 8 to 10 first female flowers, High rate of melons; melon cylindrical, jade white. Commodity melon length 20 ~ 22cm, melon horizontal diameter 12 ~ 15cm, melon meat thickness of 1.0cm, single fruit weight 400 ~ 500g, melon bitter taste is slightly light, crisp and delicious, fresh food, fried foods can be. The open cultivation yield of 667 square meters can reach 3500kg, and the greenhouse cultivation yield can reach more than 4000kg. Growth period 210 to 240 days, the results of 180 to 210 days.

2 Cultivation points

2.1 Cultivation season

It can be cultivated in most parts of Guangxi from December to the following August. Different cultivation modes are used in different seasons, such as 1 to 3 months sowing, cultivating by mulching, and sowing in 4-8 months can be done in open field.

2.2 Cultivation of strong seedlings

In winter and spring, seedlings are generally used for raising seedlings in small sheds, shade in summer and autumn, and shading is used to shade seedlings. Seeds are soaked in warm water of 55°C or 50% carbendazim 500 times for 30 minutes, washed with fresh water and then soaked for 8 hours. Germination sowing. Seeds were sowed in the nutrition cups of the arch shed (the nutrient cup base was topped with a suitable amount of decomposed organic matter). The daytime temperature in the shed was maintained at 25 to 30°C, and nighttime at 20 to 22°C was appropriate. After the seedlings are in full bloom, apply 50% Duckesson WP 600 times to prevent seedling diseases. To prevent seedlings from growing in length, the shed should be ventilated and ventilated to prevent high temperature and humidity. Melon seedlings grow to 2 to 3 true leaves, and the seedlings can be transplanted to open fields in 20 days.

2.3 Site Preparation, Planting and Base Fertilizer

Should choose the loam or sandy soil land, deep plowing, then open the ditch. When the site preparation is required, the width of the surface is 2m, the width of the groove is 50cm, and the planting holes of 40cm in depth and 30cm in depth are planted on the surface, 1983-2000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer or 700kg of decomposed pure dried chicken manure is applied. Add 150kg of superphosphate, apply it to the planting hole, and mix well with the soil in the hole to make a base fertilizer. Place a layer of 5cm thick topsoil on the base fertilizer, and then plant it. Plant 60 to 70 plants per 667 square meters.

2.4 Rack, vine and bagging

When the vine is 80 to 100cm long, the vines can be strung and can be placed on a "person" frame or a flat top frame that is 1.6m high above the ground. During the entire vine, the weak side vines are knocked out and the healthy thick side vines are retained to reduce the loss of nutrients and increase the ventilation and light transmission. When the melon has a small finger size, using a wax paper bag with a size of 25cm20cm can effectively prevent the damage of pests such as fruit fly, melon quail, and quail horse, and prevent the invasion of some bacteria, and can also improve the melon of the product. The appearance quality and merchandise.

2.5 Fertilizer Management

After planting, do not keep the soil dry and damp, avoid flooding and flooding. When the seedlings return to green, fully apply diluted manure or urine or 0.3% aqueous solution of urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate. After entering the fruiting period or harvesting period, fertilizer should be applied in batches in a timely manner. Apply fertilizer once every 20 days, apply 15-20 kg of vegetable fertilizer per 667 square meters, apply a small ditch around the plants, and then cover with water. . Combine the growth of the plant and apply a full-fledged peanut bran solution or foliar spray of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or Gao Mei Shi et al.

2.6 Pest Control

1 Take agricultural control as the leading factor, use sorghum cultivation, irrigating the fields, grasping the field management, timely cultivating and weeding and removing the diseased leaves from the field, and timely bagging to prevent pests and diseases.

(2) Adopt physical control techniques to promote the use of biological pesticides such as Bt preparations, such as installation of frequency-vibrancy insecticidal lamps and yellow plate trapping and killing of adult insects such as aphids, whitefly, and spotted fly.

3 The use of trichlorfon sweet and sour baits, trapping adult tigers, fruit fly and other adults.

4 Use 80% dichlorvos EC or 40% dimethoate EC 1000 times, 50% Bataan WP 1000 times, Azadirachtin 600 times, 15% Jinhao EC 3,000 times to prevent quail and quail horses , whitefly, quail and melons and other pests.

5 to prevent prone to blight, when the seedlings colonization, inoculation 50% carbendazim 500 times or 25% "good" bactericide 3000 times, 15% watermelon vinegar suspension 300 times 1kg as the root water; After planting until the young fruit stage, combined with fertilization, each plant was sprayed with 1.5 to 2 kg of liquid for 2 to 3 consecutive times.

6 In the initial stage of disease and downy mildew, leaf foliar leaves were alternately sprayed with 72% Preclosure 800 times solution or 72% Kelu wettable powder 600 times solution and 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc 500 times solution. Every 5 to 7 days spray 1, even spray 2 to 3 times.

7 In the early stage of powdery mildew, 15% triadimefon wettable powder 1500 times or 45% ultrafine particle sulphur rubber suspension 150 to 300 times liquid, 25% brilliant WP 2000 to 2500 times liquid, etc. are alternately sprayed. Face back, spray every 4 to 5 days, even spray 2 or 3 times.

2.7 Harvesting

When the body color changes from pale to milky white, the horizontal diameter of the body can be harvested more than 10cm.

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