Soil management
Deep plowing soil. Generally deep plowing before and after the fall of the fallen leaves, combined with the application of basal fertilizer. The adult orchards are deep-turned 50-60 cm deep, and the young orchards are deep-turned 30-50 cm. If the deep-turning spring is about 20 cm, it is appropriate. Rafts should be planted deeper than 50 cm away from the plant, and the scaffolding should be based on the underlying soil.
weeding. Manual weeding, no chemical weeding, and grass cutting to a certain height, will help prevent the green blind from picking up trees.
Intercropping. Young orchards can be interspersed with legumes.
cover. After irrigation in early spring, in order to prevent evaporation of water, inhibit the growth of weeds and increase low temperature, rice straw, straw, bean stalks, and green manure can be covered.
Fertilizer
base fertilizer. Basal fertilization is mainly based on furrow, autumn is appropriate, once a year. On the side of the plant, a ditch (width 30 cm, depth 60 cm) is applied about 40 cm from the trunk. Fertilizers are dominated by mature, high-quality organic fertilizers. Chicken manure is the best choice. Raw chicken manure should be mixed and fermented with sheep manure and cow dung to prevent burning. Organic fertilizer, sand, topsoil 1:1:1 mix and apply to the ditch, add some superphosphate, potassium sulfate and ferrous sulfate and other trace elements mixed backfill, ditch the bottom about 10 cm of crop stalks, and finally cover Cook the soil and fill it with water.
top dressing. In the fruit period, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is the main part, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are the main components in the middle and late period. Each plant applies 80-150 grams of urea, 80-150 grams of diammonium phosphate, 80-200 grams of potassium sulfate, combined with irrigation after fertilization. Soil top dressing is prohibited within 30 days before picking.
Root dressing outside. During the growing season, the combination of spraying pesticides for extra-root fertilizer application can spray 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. In the 20 days before picking, top dressing is prohibited.
In areas with conditions, nutrient diagnostic fertilization should be based on soil and leaf analysis results.
Irrigation and drainage
In the early spring after the grape was unearthed, it was sprayed once before germination; once before flowering, it was irrigated once and watering was prohibited during the flowering period; the water was irrigated once during the berry growing period, and irrigation was stopped 20 to 25 days before the berry was harvested. In the fall, the base fertilizer is used to irrigate the water again. Fill frozen water before filling. In different regions, the irrigation period can be determined based on the water holding capacity. Generally, the field water holding capacity in the early growth period should not be lower than 60%, and the latter period should be about 50%.
Drain the drainage system before the rainy season. The rainy season in the northern region is the ripe period of berries, and attention must be paid to timely drainage.
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