1. Research on the nutritional characteristics of corn shows that for every 100 kg of corn grain produced, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by spring maize is about 1:0.3:1.5, and nitrogen (N) 3.5 to 4.0 kg and phosphorus (P205) 1.2 to 1.4 kg are needed. Potassium (K20) 5-6kg; Summer corn needs to absorb 2.5-2.7kg of nitrogen (N), 1.1-1.4kg of phosphorus (P205), 3.7-4.2kg of potassium (K20), and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is 1:0.5. : 1.5 or so. The absorption of nutrients in different growth stages of maize was different. Compared with summer maize, the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in summer maize was more concentrated and the absorption peak was early. The nitrogen uptake was only 2.2% of the total in the spring maize seedling stage (before jointing), 51.2% in the middle period (joining to heading and flowering), and 46.6% in the later period (after heading). The summer maize seedlings accounted for 9.7% of nitrogen absorption, 78.4% in the middle period, and 11.9% in the later period. Phosphorus uptake by spring maize accounted for 1.1% of the total absorption, 63.9% in the medium term, and 35.0% in the later period. Phosphorus uptake in the summer maize seedlings accounted for 10.5%, 80% in the middle, and 9.5% in the later period. The absorption of potassium by corn, spring and summer corn increased rapidly after jointing, and peaked in the flowering period, the absorption rate is large, easily lead to insufficient supply of potassium, the symptoms of potassium deficiency.
2. Fertilization technology According to the law of nutrient uptake during the growth period of maize, the principle of fertilization for maize is to apply basic fertilizer, lightly apply Miaofei, reapply jointing manure and manure, and skillfully apply granular fertilizer.
(1) Basal fertilizer: Basal fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, and generally about 3000k8 organic fertilizer per 667 m2. Phosphorus-deficient soil applied 30 to 40ks of calcium phosphate per 667 m2, and potassium-deficient soil applied potassium chloride of 5 to 10kz per 667m2. The slow-acting fertilizer in general basal fertilizer accounts for about 80% of the total amount of basal fertilizer, and the quick-acting fertilizer accounts for about 20%. The basal fertilizer can be applied in full depth, and when the amount of fertilizer is small, it is possible to use furrow application or hole application. Asked or mixed corn should pay attention to the use of seed fertilizer, such as organic fertilizers, with a suitable amount of nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, using the method of application or cave method.
(2) Dressing: When the fertilizer amount per 667m2 is lower than the standard nitrogen fertilizer of 20kg, it is advisable to perform top-dressing at the middle of the jointing stage, and the harvesting of the stems of the plants will be completed. About 30 days after the early maturing variety is sown, that is, the "trumpet period", top dressing is better. About 25 days after the medium-mature variety is broadcast, the top dressing is better. Late-maturing varieties are 35 to 40 days after sowing, and top dressing is better. For every 667 m2 application exceeding 20 kg of standard nitrogen fertilizer, it is better to use fractional fertilizer. Focus on attacking stalks and tapping fertilizers, supplemented by raising seedlings and attacking seed fertilizers. The test results in the localities use secondary fertilizer, which is generally lighter than before, ie, 60% to 70% of stalk-fertilizers, 30% to 40% of attacking panicles, and high-fertilizer fields or base fertilizers and seed fertilizers. To raise Miao Fei, it is better to lightly weight. For some zinc-, iron-, boron-, and other trace element soils, spraying 0.3% zinc sulfate or 0.2% borax solution during the jointing and booting stages has a significant effect on yield increase.
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