In winter, it is the season in which agricultural vehicles, tractors and other motor vehicles are most prone to accidents. The main ones are: freezing (blasting) of cracked bodies, cylinder heads, and shafts and other accidents. The preventive measures are now described as follows:
First, to prevent freezing (blasting) crack cylinder, cylinder head, water tank due to the cold weather in winter, it is easy to freeze the body, cylinder head and water tank. If 100°C boiled water is added to an icy locomotive, it is easy to burst the body and head due to rapid thermal expansion. To reduce the risk of freezing (blasting) cracks, you should:
1. After the car is collected every day in winter, the cooling water in the engine body should be netted. If the locomotive has a high temperature after heavy-duty operation, the water temperature should be lowered to 60°C before opening the drain valve to prevent the machine parts from being hot and cold and cracking.
2. When the temperature in winter is low and the diesel engine is not easy to start, do not use the wrong method of starting waterlessly or adding cooling water after starting it. Because the local temperature of the cylinder head can reach 800°C or more after the locomotive is started, if the cold water is immediately encountered, cracks may be generated due to excessive temperature difference. For this purpose, the water tank should be heated to allow the body to warm up and the engine can be easily started.
3. After the locomotive has been used for a long time, a thick layer of scale will be formed on the inner wall of the cooling waterway of the cylinder head, thereby greatly reducing the cooling efficiency of the engine cooling system and causing the cylinder head to crack due to uneven local heat dissipation. For this reason, the scale of the cooling system must be regularly removed.
4, water tank leaking, water pipe joints are not tightened, water pump seals or cylinder sleeve water stop failure, will lead to engine water shortage operation, cylinder head due to excessive temperature rise and burst. Check the water level at any time and add it in time.
5, Locomotive overload operation for a long time, poor cooling system cooling, fuel supply time is too late, will cause the engine to overheat, and lead to cracks in the cylinder head. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden to overload the locomotive for a long time.
6, when the engine tank open pot, suddenly add cold water, the cylinder head due to rapid thermal shock and cracks. The correct method is: stop the engine first, let the engine run for a while, and then add cold water after the standby temperature drops.
7. After a long period of use, the cylinder head will gradually warp and deform, which will cause the cylinder to clog out of the cylinder pad, resulting in high temperature gas in the cylinder and causing a high temperature in the cylinder head to cause cracks. For this reason, the cylinder head plane must be ground in time.
8. All motorcycles operating in winter must have insulation and insulation curtains.
9. When the engine is working, the temperature should be kept at 70°C; the engine is prohibited to run for a long time; the short-term stop water temperature should not be lower than 40°C.
10. If the fan of an air-cooled engine fails or if the body heat sink is blocked by sludge dirt, the engine temperature will rise rapidly. At this point, the cause should be ascertained and the work can continue until the fault is rectified.
Second, to prevent the axis of the shaft in winter due to the cold weather, open parking oil in the oil sump inside the locomotive is easy to condense, just rely on heating water to the engine cooling system, can not solve the problem. Even if the engine can start a fire, it can cause axle accidents because the engine oil sticks too much. In addition, the long-time low-temperature diesel engine operation is also likely to cause axle problems. To prevent shaft accidents, you should do:
1. The engine oil pan must add winter oil. The locomotive with oil temperature control valve should adjust the oil temperature control valve to the winter position.
2. Warm the body and oil pan with a steam oven and crank the engine crankshaft before starting the engine.
3, can be installed in the engine oil pan heating tube or electric wire, using AC electric heating oil. It should be noted:
(1) When installing electric parts in the oil pan, be sure to achieve good insulation and no leakage.
(2) Continuous heating cannot be performed while heating, and the power supply should be stopped for a while to stop for a while, so as to prevent burnt deterioration of the oil due to the high temperature of the electric parts.
(3) Special personnel are responsible for this work, and the crankshaft is often shaken to increase the temperature evenly.
4, should be at the bottom of the engine with iron or canvas as a shield to keep the heat of the oil pan is not lost. At the same time, the engine cannot be operated at a low temperature for a long time and at a low speed so as to prevent the shaft from being held due to low oil temperature and high viscosity.
5. After the locomotive is shut down, the engine oil in the oil pan shall be warmed up. The engine oil shall be heated to 70~80°C the next day and then added to the oil pan. The oil filter should also be heated with hot water, and then Start the engine.
First, to prevent freezing (blasting) crack cylinder, cylinder head, water tank due to the cold weather in winter, it is easy to freeze the body, cylinder head and water tank. If 100°C boiled water is added to an icy locomotive, it is easy to burst the body and head due to rapid thermal expansion. To reduce the risk of freezing (blasting) cracks, you should:
1. After the car is collected every day in winter, the cooling water in the engine body should be netted. If the locomotive has a high temperature after heavy-duty operation, the water temperature should be lowered to 60°C before opening the drain valve to prevent the machine parts from being hot and cold and cracking.
2. When the temperature in winter is low and the diesel engine is not easy to start, do not use the wrong method of starting waterlessly or adding cooling water after starting it. Because the local temperature of the cylinder head can reach 800°C or more after the locomotive is started, if the cold water is immediately encountered, cracks may be generated due to excessive temperature difference. For this purpose, the water tank should be heated to allow the body to warm up and the engine can be easily started.
3. After the locomotive has been used for a long time, a thick layer of scale will be formed on the inner wall of the cooling waterway of the cylinder head, thereby greatly reducing the cooling efficiency of the engine cooling system and causing the cylinder head to crack due to uneven local heat dissipation. For this reason, the scale of the cooling system must be regularly removed.
4, water tank leaking, water pipe joints are not tightened, water pump seals or cylinder sleeve water stop failure, will lead to engine water shortage operation, cylinder head due to excessive temperature rise and burst. Check the water level at any time and add it in time.
5, Locomotive overload operation for a long time, poor cooling system cooling, fuel supply time is too late, will cause the engine to overheat, and lead to cracks in the cylinder head. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden to overload the locomotive for a long time.
6, when the engine tank open pot, suddenly add cold water, the cylinder head due to rapid thermal shock and cracks. The correct method is: stop the engine first, let the engine run for a while, and then add cold water after the standby temperature drops.
7. After a long period of use, the cylinder head will gradually warp and deform, which will cause the cylinder to clog out of the cylinder pad, resulting in high temperature gas in the cylinder and causing a high temperature in the cylinder head to cause cracks. For this reason, the cylinder head plane must be ground in time.
8. All motorcycles operating in winter must have insulation and insulation curtains.
9. When the engine is working, the temperature should be kept at 70°C; the engine is prohibited to run for a long time; the short-term stop water temperature should not be lower than 40°C.
10. If the fan of an air-cooled engine fails or if the body heat sink is blocked by sludge dirt, the engine temperature will rise rapidly. At this point, the cause should be ascertained and the work can continue until the fault is rectified.
Second, to prevent the axis of the shaft in winter due to the cold weather, open parking oil in the oil sump inside the locomotive is easy to condense, just rely on heating water to the engine cooling system, can not solve the problem. Even if the engine can start a fire, it can cause axle accidents because the engine oil sticks too much. In addition, the long-time low-temperature diesel engine operation is also likely to cause axle problems. To prevent shaft accidents, you should do:
1. The engine oil pan must add winter oil. The locomotive with oil temperature control valve should adjust the oil temperature control valve to the winter position.
2. Warm the body and oil pan with a steam oven and crank the engine crankshaft before starting the engine.
3, can be installed in the engine oil pan heating tube or electric wire, using AC electric heating oil. It should be noted:
(1) When installing electric parts in the oil pan, be sure to achieve good insulation and no leakage.
(2) Continuous heating cannot be performed while heating, and the power supply should be stopped for a while to stop for a while, so as to prevent burnt deterioration of the oil due to the high temperature of the electric parts.
(3) Special personnel are responsible for this work, and the crankshaft is often shaken to increase the temperature evenly.
4, should be at the bottom of the engine with iron or canvas as a shield to keep the heat of the oil pan is not lost. At the same time, the engine cannot be operated at a low temperature for a long time and at a low speed so as to prevent the shaft from being held due to low oil temperature and high viscosity.
5. After the locomotive is shut down, the engine oil in the oil pan shall be warmed up. The engine oil shall be heated to 70~80°C the next day and then added to the oil pan. The oil filter should also be heated with hot water, and then Start the engine.
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