The rock wool cultivation process during the cut rose season is very similar to the ordinary cut rose production process. It is also divided into seedling cultivation, planting, management, and flower collection. The difference is that the rock wool cultivation rose is carried out on rockwool from the beginning.
Seedlings and colonization were selected for good growth. Axillary buds did not extend and buds with more than 5 leaflets were added, leaving 1-2 cm above and 2-3 cm below. After being sterilized, a rooting agent was placed on the lower incision and inserted into a 7.5 cm or 10 cm rock wool spatula pre-immersed in water. The rock wool quilt is a cube, surrounded by impervious PVC film and exposed rock wool. Rose insertion depth of about 2cm, placed in intermittent spray bed, keep the temperature above 18 °C, after 30-40 days, with roots extending from the bottom of the rock wool, buds out of the twigs, available EC value of 0.8- The 1.0ms/cm nutrient solution fertilizes the cuttings, and after the shoot sticks out more than 5cm, it can be ready for planting.
The rock wool board is placed on a seed bed with a height of 50 cm and a width of 40 cm. The seed bed is of a closed type, and a water outlet hole is left at one end or the lower part to concentrate excess nutrient solution. In the rock wool board, one row can be planted, and two rows can also be planted. However, it is necessary to ensure that each seedling can have 3-4 liters of rock wool to meet the needs of the Chinese rose to absorb nutrients and moisture. It can also be determined as a standard. Its density, the distance between the seedbeds is generally 80cm-100cm, and it needs to leave sufficient room for the assimilation branches.
If a new rock wool plate is used, it must be soaked in a nutrient solution with a pH of 5.5-6.5 and an EC value of 1.0-1.2 ms/cm before use. Only water was provided within one week after planting, and the nutrient solution was started after rooting into rock wool board. The nutrient solution is supplied every day starting at 8 am and ending at 7 pm. The liquid is supplied in 10 times, each time for 10 minutes, and is infused from a controlled dropper with a diameter of 1.5-2 cm. Seedlings, from 30 to 40 days from the start of colonization, a small amount of liquid can be supplied. Each seedling needs about 100 ml of nutrient solution per day. Each adult seedling needs about 300-600 ml of nutrient solution every day, and about 600 ml of nutrient solution is needed in summer. About half of summer.
Plant management When the rose grows to 30cm in height or after flowering, the branches of the rose are bent from the base to fall on both sides of the trail. This branch is called a special branch for assimilation. Its role is to provide nutrients to the plants. Flowering shoots, axillary buds on the assimilation branch do not have to be sorted, and can be left to grow. If it is not a pest, generally it will not be fallen. The minimum number of assimilation branches required per seedling is 2-3, and assimilation branches with low density can be used. Appropriately increase. When the special branch of assimilation has been secured, the branches that grow up at the base of the plant can be used as flowering branches. When the bud develops to a certain degree and reaches the standard of flowering, the flowering branch is cut off from the base, and the flowering standard cannot be reached or the damaged flower can not be used as a commodity flower. It can be bent from the base to make it a special branch for assimilation. Since the position of the flower is always at the base of the plant, the operation is very simple, without trimming the shape of the plant, which will bring a lot of convenience to the standardized production. This cultivation method is called arch cultivation.
The management of nutrient solution management nutrient solution in rock wool cultivation is the most important and most important part of rock wool cultivation management. In each system of rock wool cultivation, their impact on the rose season will invariably affect the rose through the nutrient solution. In the management of nutrient solution is divided into two parts, one is the composition and production of nutrient solution; the second is the concentration and delivery of nutrient solution.
The dilution machine feeds 0.5L-1L of liquid A and B to the fertilizer barrel of a certain container at a time, and then dilutes it with water. The reason is that 0.5L-1L of A and B liquids are input each time. The amount of fluid is used to determine the concentration of the fluid, which is very convenient and accurate. After the fertilizer machine has increased the pressure of the liquid fertilizer to a certain extent, it can supply fertilizer to the rose.
Concentration and delivery of nutrient solution On the device for controlling the supply of liquids during the use time, uniform liquid supply shall be provided for 24 hours in the initial stage of planting. When the rose plants grow to 30 cm or more in height, the evaporation of the foliage will be dominated by dominance, mainly at 8 o'clock in the morning. The liquid is supplied within 11 hours after 7 o'clock in the evening. The frequency of fluid supply is generally 8-11 times, 30-60 ml per plant per time, and the amount of liquid required for each rose within a day is 300-600 ml. Summer evaporation is large, more liquid fertilizer is needed, evaporation in winter is small, and less liquid fertilizer is needed, but the actual amount of fertilizer is basically the same, so the winter liquid fertilizer concentration (EC value) is greater than the summer liquid fertilizer concentration (EC value). Times. The number and quantity of fertiliser feeders can also be determined by a sensing device placed in the rock wool tank. When the liquid level in the rock wool tank is low, the liquid is supplied, and when the height reaches a certain level, the feed is stopped. In order to ensure a stable and high yield of the Chinese rose, about 20% to 30% of the residual liquid should be discharged through the holes in the rock wool tank. In order to reduce the loss of this residual liquid, or for the purpose of reducing environmental pollution, some foreign research institutions have also conducted some in-depth discussions, such as cyclic or supplementary use, and these research results have not been used in production. .
Management of the culture solution in the rock wool tank The EC value and pH value in the rock wool tank need to be measured regularly. Under normal conditions, the EC value is preferably kept at 2.3-2.6 ms/cm, and the pH value is kept at 5.8-6.2. between. When the EC value of the base of the rose is too high, the fertilizer salt is easily deposited in the rock wool, which not only affects the absorption of water and fertilizer but also blocks the capillary of the rock wool. When the EC value in the rhizosphere is low, for the rose that grows vigorously, the plant growth will be weak, the flower buds will be thin, and the flower formation rate will be low. The level of EC in the rhizosphere is highly susceptible to environmental changes and plant growth and development. When the light intensity is high and the temperature is high, after the plants grow at the seedling stage or after the spring pruning, the concentration of the culture solution should be properly reduced to prevent the rise of the EC value in the rhizosphere. Conversely, when the temperature decreases, the rainy weather is excessive and the plants are in a vigorous growth period, the concentration of the culture solution should be appropriately increased.
The adjustment of the pH value to adjust the pH is another main content of the adjustment of the culture solution. When the pH value of the rhizosphere (in the rockwool tank) is high, the upper leaves are coppery, and the elongation of the shoots and shoots is slow. Development is inhibited and yield is reduced. Another phenomenon is that the individual rosettes are particularly thick and their buds are large, showing good quality, but the yield is significantly reduced. When the pH is too low, the flower stem becomes soft, the leaf color is not shiny, and even the growth and development may be stopped. In addition, the service life of rock wool is also shortened. In the actual cultivation nitrate (NO3-) is the main reason for the pH value of liquid fertilizer. After the seedling stage or after pruning, the absorption of the fertilizer by the plant weakens, and preferential absorption of ammonium nitrogen occurs while the nitric nitrate remains in the rock wool, resulting in a decrease in the pH of the rhizosphere. When the light intensity is high and the plant grows vigorously, the nitrate nitrogen concentration will decrease and the pH will increase.
Environmental Management of Rockwool Cultivation Temperature Management in Greenhouses During the winter months, day and night temperatures of 18°C ​​to 23°C are most suitable for the growth of Chinese rose. The temperature in rock wool should be careful not to drop below 16°C. If it reaches 15°C, the absorption capacity of fertilizer will be weakened. When warming up with heating in winter, be sure to pay attention to places where there is insufficient heating (wind) in the greenhouse. These places are often prone to disease due to low temperature. Therefore, when installing heating (wind), you must design the location. When the humidity in continuous greenhouses is very high, the windows should be ventilated during the rainy days. If the temperature is relatively low, the temperature must be increased by heating (wind) at night. In general, there should be no problem as long as the temperature and the temperature in the rock wool can be maintained at 36°C to 40°C. When the summer temperatures are high, in order to achieve the purpose of annual flowering, non-porous water pipes can be used to cool the rock wool through groundwater at about 18°C, which can reduce the temperature in the rock wool by 3°C-4°C. Reduced cut flowers with low quality and weak branches due to high temperatures.
CO2 fertilization in the cut rose cultivated in the soil, due to the application of organic fertilizer, under the action of microorganisms, can release CO2, but for the cultivation of rose rock cultivation, once planted, it is often cultivated for several years, in this Under the circumstances, the lack of CO2 is normal during the winter season when the greenhouse is closed. Studies have shown that CO2 fertilization is best at a position of 20cm above the rock wool plate at 0.7m above the ground, but it must be noted that fertilization is more significant when it is relatively closed.
Seedlings and colonization were selected for good growth. Axillary buds did not extend and buds with more than 5 leaflets were added, leaving 1-2 cm above and 2-3 cm below. After being sterilized, a rooting agent was placed on the lower incision and inserted into a 7.5 cm or 10 cm rock wool spatula pre-immersed in water. The rock wool quilt is a cube, surrounded by impervious PVC film and exposed rock wool. Rose insertion depth of about 2cm, placed in intermittent spray bed, keep the temperature above 18 °C, after 30-40 days, with roots extending from the bottom of the rock wool, buds out of the twigs, available EC value of 0.8- The 1.0ms/cm nutrient solution fertilizes the cuttings, and after the shoot sticks out more than 5cm, it can be ready for planting.
The rock wool board is placed on a seed bed with a height of 50 cm and a width of 40 cm. The seed bed is of a closed type, and a water outlet hole is left at one end or the lower part to concentrate excess nutrient solution. In the rock wool board, one row can be planted, and two rows can also be planted. However, it is necessary to ensure that each seedling can have 3-4 liters of rock wool to meet the needs of the Chinese rose to absorb nutrients and moisture. It can also be determined as a standard. Its density, the distance between the seedbeds is generally 80cm-100cm, and it needs to leave sufficient room for the assimilation branches.
If a new rock wool plate is used, it must be soaked in a nutrient solution with a pH of 5.5-6.5 and an EC value of 1.0-1.2 ms/cm before use. Only water was provided within one week after planting, and the nutrient solution was started after rooting into rock wool board. The nutrient solution is supplied every day starting at 8 am and ending at 7 pm. The liquid is supplied in 10 times, each time for 10 minutes, and is infused from a controlled dropper with a diameter of 1.5-2 cm. Seedlings, from 30 to 40 days from the start of colonization, a small amount of liquid can be supplied. Each seedling needs about 100 ml of nutrient solution per day. Each adult seedling needs about 300-600 ml of nutrient solution every day, and about 600 ml of nutrient solution is needed in summer. About half of summer.
Plant management When the rose grows to 30cm in height or after flowering, the branches of the rose are bent from the base to fall on both sides of the trail. This branch is called a special branch for assimilation. Its role is to provide nutrients to the plants. Flowering shoots, axillary buds on the assimilation branch do not have to be sorted, and can be left to grow. If it is not a pest, generally it will not be fallen. The minimum number of assimilation branches required per seedling is 2-3, and assimilation branches with low density can be used. Appropriately increase. When the special branch of assimilation has been secured, the branches that grow up at the base of the plant can be used as flowering branches. When the bud develops to a certain degree and reaches the standard of flowering, the flowering branch is cut off from the base, and the flowering standard cannot be reached or the damaged flower can not be used as a commodity flower. It can be bent from the base to make it a special branch for assimilation. Since the position of the flower is always at the base of the plant, the operation is very simple, without trimming the shape of the plant, which will bring a lot of convenience to the standardized production. This cultivation method is called arch cultivation.
The management of nutrient solution management nutrient solution in rock wool cultivation is the most important and most important part of rock wool cultivation management. In each system of rock wool cultivation, their impact on the rose season will invariably affect the rose through the nutrient solution. In the management of nutrient solution is divided into two parts, one is the composition and production of nutrient solution; the second is the concentration and delivery of nutrient solution.
The dilution machine feeds 0.5L-1L of liquid A and B to the fertilizer barrel of a certain container at a time, and then dilutes it with water. The reason is that 0.5L-1L of A and B liquids are input each time. The amount of fluid is used to determine the concentration of the fluid, which is very convenient and accurate. After the fertilizer machine has increased the pressure of the liquid fertilizer to a certain extent, it can supply fertilizer to the rose.
Concentration and delivery of nutrient solution On the device for controlling the supply of liquids during the use time, uniform liquid supply shall be provided for 24 hours in the initial stage of planting. When the rose plants grow to 30 cm or more in height, the evaporation of the foliage will be dominated by dominance, mainly at 8 o'clock in the morning. The liquid is supplied within 11 hours after 7 o'clock in the evening. The frequency of fluid supply is generally 8-11 times, 30-60 ml per plant per time, and the amount of liquid required for each rose within a day is 300-600 ml. Summer evaporation is large, more liquid fertilizer is needed, evaporation in winter is small, and less liquid fertilizer is needed, but the actual amount of fertilizer is basically the same, so the winter liquid fertilizer concentration (EC value) is greater than the summer liquid fertilizer concentration (EC value). Times. The number and quantity of fertiliser feeders can also be determined by a sensing device placed in the rock wool tank. When the liquid level in the rock wool tank is low, the liquid is supplied, and when the height reaches a certain level, the feed is stopped. In order to ensure a stable and high yield of the Chinese rose, about 20% to 30% of the residual liquid should be discharged through the holes in the rock wool tank. In order to reduce the loss of this residual liquid, or for the purpose of reducing environmental pollution, some foreign research institutions have also conducted some in-depth discussions, such as cyclic or supplementary use, and these research results have not been used in production. .
Management of the culture solution in the rock wool tank The EC value and pH value in the rock wool tank need to be measured regularly. Under normal conditions, the EC value is preferably kept at 2.3-2.6 ms/cm, and the pH value is kept at 5.8-6.2. between. When the EC value of the base of the rose is too high, the fertilizer salt is easily deposited in the rock wool, which not only affects the absorption of water and fertilizer but also blocks the capillary of the rock wool. When the EC value in the rhizosphere is low, for the rose that grows vigorously, the plant growth will be weak, the flower buds will be thin, and the flower formation rate will be low. The level of EC in the rhizosphere is highly susceptible to environmental changes and plant growth and development. When the light intensity is high and the temperature is high, after the plants grow at the seedling stage or after the spring pruning, the concentration of the culture solution should be properly reduced to prevent the rise of the EC value in the rhizosphere. Conversely, when the temperature decreases, the rainy weather is excessive and the plants are in a vigorous growth period, the concentration of the culture solution should be appropriately increased.
The adjustment of the pH value to adjust the pH is another main content of the adjustment of the culture solution. When the pH value of the rhizosphere (in the rockwool tank) is high, the upper leaves are coppery, and the elongation of the shoots and shoots is slow. Development is inhibited and yield is reduced. Another phenomenon is that the individual rosettes are particularly thick and their buds are large, showing good quality, but the yield is significantly reduced. When the pH is too low, the flower stem becomes soft, the leaf color is not shiny, and even the growth and development may be stopped. In addition, the service life of rock wool is also shortened. In the actual cultivation nitrate (NO3-) is the main reason for the pH value of liquid fertilizer. After the seedling stage or after pruning, the absorption of the fertilizer by the plant weakens, and preferential absorption of ammonium nitrogen occurs while the nitric nitrate remains in the rock wool, resulting in a decrease in the pH of the rhizosphere. When the light intensity is high and the plant grows vigorously, the nitrate nitrogen concentration will decrease and the pH will increase.
Environmental Management of Rockwool Cultivation Temperature Management in Greenhouses During the winter months, day and night temperatures of 18°C ​​to 23°C are most suitable for the growth of Chinese rose. The temperature in rock wool should be careful not to drop below 16°C. If it reaches 15°C, the absorption capacity of fertilizer will be weakened. When warming up with heating in winter, be sure to pay attention to places where there is insufficient heating (wind) in the greenhouse. These places are often prone to disease due to low temperature. Therefore, when installing heating (wind), you must design the location. When the humidity in continuous greenhouses is very high, the windows should be ventilated during the rainy days. If the temperature is relatively low, the temperature must be increased by heating (wind) at night. In general, there should be no problem as long as the temperature and the temperature in the rock wool can be maintained at 36°C to 40°C. When the summer temperatures are high, in order to achieve the purpose of annual flowering, non-porous water pipes can be used to cool the rock wool through groundwater at about 18°C, which can reduce the temperature in the rock wool by 3°C-4°C. Reduced cut flowers with low quality and weak branches due to high temperatures.
CO2 fertilization in the cut rose cultivated in the soil, due to the application of organic fertilizer, under the action of microorganisms, can release CO2, but for the cultivation of rose rock cultivation, once planted, it is often cultivated for several years, in this Under the circumstances, the lack of CO2 is normal during the winter season when the greenhouse is closed. Studies have shown that CO2 fertilization is best at a position of 20cm above the rock wool plate at 0.7m above the ground, but it must be noted that fertilization is more significant when it is relatively closed.
Vitamins are organic compounds and vital nutrients that an organism requires in limited amounts. An organic chemical compound (or related set of compounds) is called a vitamin when the organism cannot synthesize the compound in sufficient quantities, and it must be obtained through the diet.
Your body needs them to work properly, so you grow and develop just like you should. They are essential for the normal growth and development of a multicellular organism. Once growth and development are completed, vitamins remain essential nutrients for the healthy maintenance of the cells, tissues, and organs that make up a multicellular organism; they also enable a multicellular life form to efficiently use chemical energy provided by food it eats, and to help process the proteins, carbohydrates, and fats required for respiration.
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