First, the selection of good varieties
It is required to use the large-ear type cultivar 280, Jiayu 253, and 甬籼57 as the main planting varieties with medium tillering, fertilization resistance and strong resistance.
Second, fine for the seesaw
Choose the field where the soil is soft and fertile, the weeds are less, the irrigation and drainage is convenient, the sunshine is sufficient, and the wind shelters the sun. Use dry work, artificially turn over, turn over on sunny days, the depth is generally 4 to 5 inches. After turning over, it is made into a 1.6-meter-wide road-shaped slab. The gully is about 20 cm wide, and the soil is smashed. After the sinking, the water river mud and the gully mud are laid flat. It is required that the slab surface is deep, the upper paste is loose, and the hardness is moderate. Putian base fertilizer generally applies 750-1000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu, with 15-20 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 25 kg of superphosphate, 15 kg of potassium chloride, and is applied in combination with tillage. The fertile fields such as green fertile fields and rapeseed fields can appropriately reduce the application rates of organic fertilizers and nitrogenous fertilizers.
Third, do a good job in seed treatment
Before planting, you should choose sunny seeding, use seeds with full grain, net seed and strong vitality. After washing the seeds with water, use a 10% soaking gel (2 ml) or 1.5% sensible wettable powder 1 Pack (10g), pour into a small amount of water and mix well, then add 6 kg of water, stir well, soak 5 kg of grain, dip 2~3 days and nights, stir 2~3 times during soaking. Direct germination or sowing after soaking. In order to reduce rotten germination, increase germination rate and sputum rate, germination can be carried out. The germination method is as follows: firstly, the infiltrated seeds are pre-heated in hot water of 50 ° C for 2 to 3 minutes, and then piled up to keep the temperature of the grain pile 35 to 38 ° C. Generally, after 15 to 20 hours, the seeds can be broken. It is white, and then it can be used for sowing by tempering roots at 30 °C and germination at 20-25 °C.
Fourth, timely and appropriate sowing
The sowing date should be determined according to the climatic conditions, the characteristics of the variety and the sputum. When the average daily temperature in spring is stable through 12 ° C, you can grab the "cold tail warm head" to rush to sow. According to the actual situation of our city, the green rice field (including winter free field) early rice mulching, seeding from the end of March to the beginning of April, the age of no more than 35 days, early maturing or early maturing varieties should be appropriately postponed, otherwise in the young panicle differentiation meiosis The period is easy to encounter low temperature hazards, resulting in a large number of empty shells to reduce production. The three-crop early rice must be planted in batches according to the maturity period of the previous crop and the growth period of the variety, so that the sowing period, the age of the seedlings and the transplanting period are “three pairs of mouthsâ€, and the late-maturing varieties are planted on April 8-10, and the medium-maturing varieties are Sowing around April 14th, 30 days old. To prevent the same time sowing green manure field rice planting rice and spring flower fields, in order to give full play to green manure sown early rice yield large field of potential advantages, but also to prevent mid-maturing varieties and late maturing varieties of the same species Pixia prevent early ripening varieties overage spike Delayed maturity of late-maturing varieties affects the passive situation of late rice planting.
The implementation of thinning is the key to cultivating strong sorghum. Generally, the green rice field or the winter vacant field has a ratio of 1:10 for the early rice, the sowing amount for the field is 40-50 kg per mu, and the three crops for the early rice glutinous ratio is 1:8-9. 30 to 40 kg per mu. At the same time, it is necessary to actively promote the ultra-thin seeding and breeding technology to cultivate the short and strong cockroaches with big cockroaches, to achieve the purpose of sputum generation seedlings, large ears and multiple granules, and is an effective way to increase yield.
Five, double layer coverage
Early rice cultivation should be covered with plastic film. According to the width of 2 meters of the mulch film, the net slab should be made 1.6 meters wide. It is easy to be blown by the wind when it is too wide, and the utilization is reduced when it is too narrow. It is necessary to plough the grass and make a double-layer cover. The cover is made of wheat straw and rapeseed shell. It is also possible to use the cut grass (but pay attention to the individual roots of the grass to survive), so that the mulch and the raft A barrier layer is formed between the two to prevent "sticking plaster", and wherever possible, simple low-rise mulching can be promoted.
Blind valley sowing, mulching and mulching techniques have the characteristics of strong early life and high rate of adulteration. In the blind valley sowing, in addition to the flattening of the raft, it is also necessary to use full seeds with high germination rate and strong germination. The seeding of the blind valley should be soaked at the same time as germination, soaked in the seeds after disinfection, and the seeds are generally sunk into the grain. Mud is the degree, should not be re-collapsed, also do double-layer coverage.
Six, chemical weeding
In order to effectively alleviate the grassland damage, 17.2% of the young grasshoppers were weeded on the day after planting the valley, and 200-250 grams per acre of the field was used to control grass weeds, sedge weeds and broadleaf. Weeds. For the paddy field without the herbicide after sowing, after the seedling 2 leaves and 1 heart, the 50% chloroquine acid (killing king, scorpion) wettable powder 25 grams of water with 30 ~ 45 kg fine spray. The water should be drained before use, and the water can be normally irrigated for 1 to 2 days after administration, and kept in a shallow water layer for 5 to 7 days.
Seven, do a good job in fertilizer management
Strengthening the management of fertilizer and water in the paddy field, especially the management of water slurry is the key measure to ensure the smooth growth of seedlings and prevent rotten seeds, rotten cockroaches and dead seedlings. After sowing, we should use the gas to promote the roots, take the ditch irrigation from the sowing to the 2 leaves and 1 heart period, do not fill the water seesaw, master the sunny flat ditch water, cloudy and semi-ditch water, and drain the water in the rain. 2 leaf 1 after the heart period, shallow shallow water board, after the continuous water, in this period, in case of cold air, it is necessary to irrigate the deep water before the cold air falls, adjust the temperature with water, and slowly drain the seedlings after the climate is stable, to prevent The transpiration is dehydrated, and the green leaf is rolled. For the seedlings, the seedlings can be sprayed with 300-500 times of dixonone 250 grams per mu to remediate to control the continued expansion of the dead seedlings. The seedlings covered by the plastic film should remove the accumulated water on the membrane in time after the rain. When the temperature in the film is too high at noon on sunny days, the water can be flooded for a short time, and the water layer can be drained in the afternoon to prevent high temperature burning. The film must be removed when the climate is stable. During the cold current, the film will not be uncovered, and the seedling work should be done before the film is uncovered. When the film is covered by the mulch and the film is ventilated and uncovered, it is necessary to first pour the water raft to prevent the seedlings from losing water and killing the seedlings.
The seedlings should be mastered with the principle of “early application of milk fertilizer, suitable application of relay fertilizer, and application of body fat before pluckingâ€. Generally, in the heart stage of the seedling 1 leaf, the application of urea 3 to 4 kg or 500 kg of human waste is used as the weaning fertilizer; in the 2.5 to 3 leaf stage, the fertilizer is promoted, and 4 to 5 kg of urea is applied per mu; 3 to 5 days to apply the body fat, 7.5 to 10 kg of urea or 20 to 30 tons of man. In case of long-term low temperature and rain, the seedlings grow slowly and the absorption capacity is poor. Do not over-exploit the nitrogen fertilizer. The phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to improve the cold resistance of the seedlings. The body fertilizer can promote the metabolism of the seedlings and the early post-sowing effect. .
Eight, control pests and diseases
Bacterial Blight control, should be 3 days MBAMT 100 gram of water per acre 50 kg spray before the 3 leaf stage and transplanting; to take preventive measures against other pests according to pest information.
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