The greening to jointing stage to the jointing stage is the peak period of infection and root growth of wheat root disease, root blight and root rot diseases, such as bushy disease and yellow dwarf disease. It is also a dangerous period. This period is the peak period of wheat spiders, underground pests and weeds, and is a key period for the comprehensive prevention and control of wheat pests and diseases.
1. Strengthen fitness training to prevent pests and diseases. It is necessary to organically combine cultivation measures with the control of pests and diseases, and vigorously promote high-yield fitness cultivation techniques such as appropriate rowing, topdressing and watering to improve the resistance of wheat to various diseases. Suitable weeding can eliminate weeds.
2. Vigorously promote chemical weeding. For chemical weeding that cannot be carried out in autumn, it is necessary to grasp the control period after the wheat is returned to green in the middle of March, and carry out chemical weeding in time. For the wheat field dominated by dicotyledonous weeds, 5.8% of the wheat emulsifiable concentrate can be used in 10 ml or 20% per mu to make it 50-60 ml per acre; for monocotyledon weeds, 3% can be used per acre. 25 to 30 ml, stem and leaf spray control; mixed with dicotyledonous weeds and monocotyledonous weeds can be mixed with the above agents. In recent years, chemical weeding has led to accidents of post-mortem crop phytotoxicity. The long-lasting herbicides chlorsulfuron-methyl and metsulfuron-methyl are easy to use in crops such as cotton, peanuts and corn after being used in wheat fields. 2,4-D butyric acid herbicides are extremely sensitive to dicotyledonous crops and are susceptible to phytotoxicity. Therefore, they should be avoided in crop cultivation areas such as peanuts.
3. Do a good job in the prevention and control of pests and diseases. In recent years, wheat root disease, which is mainly caused by sheath blight, has a serious impact on wheat yield, especially in high-yield plots. The key technology for the control of wheat sheath blight is the seed dressing and the greening period. It is the main reason for the poor control effect of wheat sheath blight. Therefore, we must pay attention to prevention and treatment during the rejuvenation period.
1 The main pest control indicators of wheat returning to jointing stage are: sheath blight rate of diseased plants is 15% to 20%, underground pests are 3% of wheat seedlings, and wheat spiders are 600 heads per meter. 2 pairs of drugs, dosage and medication method: control of sheath blight can be used 5% Jinggangmycin 150-200 ml per mu to 75-100 kg of water sprayed wheat stem base prevention, spray again 10 to 15 days; For the prevention and control of underground pests, 40% methyl isoflavone or 50% phoxim can be used to spray 40-50 ml per mu of the base of the sprayed wheat stem; the control wheat spider can be sprayed with 73% gram of emulsifiable concentrate 1500-2000 times.
The earing stage of wheat at the ear stage is the concentrated occurrence period and endangered period of various pests such as wheat aphid, first generation aphid, midgein, powdery mildew, stripe rust, leaf rust, leaf blight, scab and blight. In the past few years, these pests and diseases have the largest area of ​​wheat stubble, and the most serious damage. The wheat ear stage is the period in which the wheat finally forms a yield, and it is also a period in which a variety of pests and diseases are concentrated. Once the pests and diseases are harmed, irreparable damage can be caused. Therefore, the wheat earing stage is the most critical period for the comprehensive prevention and control of wheat diseases, insects and weeds. It is necessary to do a good job in the prevention and control of pests and diseases to ensure high-quality and high-yield wheat.
1. Protect the use of natural enemies to control wheat. Wheat field is the wintering place and early spring breeding base of various natural enemies. Protecting the natural enemies of wheat field is not only beneficial to control wheat pests, but also the main source of natural enemies of post-crop crop pests. 1 When the field benefit ratio is 1:80～1:100 or the parasitic rate of the bee is more than 30%, the natural enemy can be used to control the damage without application; if the benefit ratio is out of balance, the killing effect on natural enemies should also be selected. Killing the beneficial chemicals to control the wheat bran. 2 Improve the landscape connectivity of natural enemies, such as placing spring corn on the wheat field and interplanting peanuts in the wheat field, providing corridors for natural enemies to transfer and multiply from one habitat to another, especially the large amount of natural enemies. The ecological benefits of nesting are more significant.
2. Chemical control. According to the prevention and control indicators of wheat pests and diseases, we must grasp the appropriate period of prevention and control, adopt the prevention and treatment of the road chemicals, and vigorously apply the pesticide and fungicide mixed drug application technology to implement scientific prevention and control. 1 The main pest control indicators at the wheat earing stage are: 500 stalks of wheat stalks, 25 stalks per square meter, 5 heads per square (10×10×20 cm), and 10 adult larvae. ~25 heads, strip rust is 2% to 5% of diseased leaves, leaf rust is 5% to 10%, and powdery mildew is 10%. 2 pairs of drugs, dosage and medication method: control wheat stubble can use 2.5% enemy to kill emulsifiable oil 10 to 15 ml per mu or 50 phlegm mist wettable powder 8 ~ 10 grams per acre spray control; prevention and control of a generation of armyworm 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 50-75 ml spray can be used for prevention and control; rust and powdery mildew can be used 25% Bai Litong wettable powder 30g per 40g or 40% rusting emulsifiable concentrate 50-75ml per mu, spray control; Disease, leaf blight and arrow blight can be controlled by spraying 50% carbendazim WP at 75-100g per acre. 3 Mixed application technology should be scientifically applied according to the control object and prevention index. When a single pest occurs, and other light occurs, it should be controlled by a single application to avoid waste and pesticide pollution. 4 wheat scab and arrow blight should be based on prevention. In the case of continuous cloudy weather, it is necessary to spray after wheat flowering; although wheat sucking insects are pests that are harmful at the earing stage, the control period is suitable for the flood season in the middle and late April, and it should be carried out in a timely manner during the flood season. Use 40% methyl isoflavone emulsifiable concentrate 150-200 ml to spread the ground and draw 30~40 kg of fine sand or fine sand, and the effect of watering after application is better; if it is not prevented during the flood season, the prevention and control of the midwifery It can be sprayed with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 50-75 ml when the field wheat is about 70% heading.
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