The pruning time of walnut trees is different from that of other fruit trees. It should not be pruned during dormancy because pruning during rest period is prone to injury and weakens the tree vigor, and even causes local branches to die. The main trimming technique:
First, the initial result period Walnut tree from the beginning of the results to a large number of results, the vegetative growth is more prosperous, the crown expanded year by year, the number of results increased year by year. At this time pruning, in addition to continuing to cultivate all levels of backbone sticks, but also pay attention to the retention of auxiliary nutrients, sparse useless dense crowded branches, leggy branches and thin branches, so that all types of branches distributed evenly. Within the canopy, appropriate branches should be left as much as possible, and the density should be kept to increase the area of ​​results. Use strong and weak methods to adjust the growth branches of the branches at all levels to maintain a balanced development of the tree potential and cultivate a plump crown.
Second, full fruit period walnut trees to full fruit period, is the highest yield period, while the vegetative growth will gradually weaken, the annual phenomenon of fruit production is increasingly obvious, the crown gradually opened, the number of peripheral branches increased, the crown canopy air ventilation Bad, branchlets are easy to dry, and the area starts to decrease. Pruning at this time to increase fruit production and prolong the full fruit period. The thin and weak branches, dry and dead branches, overlapped branches, drooping branches, and diseased shoots inside and outside the crown should be cut off from the base to improve the ventilation and light conditions, and to promote the growth of the full-grown mother and branch. Vigorous shoots that are spawned on the internal malleolus should be properly retained to facilitate the outcome. For large dense branches, it is necessary to cut them year by year. When cutting, the wounds should be flattened to promote good healing.
3. During the aging period, when the growth potential of walnut trees declines, the new shoots drawn each year are very short. Most of them cannot form flower buds. The result is low capacity. The phenomenon of focal shoots is serious within the crown or in the periphery of the crown. Some large and medium branches also begin to dry up. Gradually shrink. At this time, we must re-shear the update to restore the tree vigor and extend the results. Focus on the retreat of the perennial shoots of the charred shoots to promote their vigorous new shoots and rejuvenate the tree. An auxiliary nutrient was selected at the retraction site to promote wound healing and sprout germination, making it a strong new branch and rejuvenating the tree. For the debilitated old tree, the perennial branches can be updated year by year. The strong buds and long branches can be sprouted using the buds and the crowns can be re-formed to make the trees grow vigorously.
Pruning method
1, sapling pruning points. The walnut tree saplings are in good nutrition, the shoots grow rapidly, and the crown expands year by year. At this time, pruning should pay attention to cultivating the main trunk, keeping the main branch, retaining the auxiliary branches, and slowly cutting the densely squeezed branches, legged branches, thin and thin branches, and within the canopy. Leave more results.
2, to promote the formation of the results of the branch. Stand erect and prosperous and long branches, flatten and lay down slowly, ease the growth of branches, and promote the formation of fruiting branches.
3, increase the amount of branches, culture results branches. Using a short cut method to increase the amount of branches; to slow-release method, the lateral branches of both sides to cultivate strong large and medium-sized branches. When truncated, the remaining branches should be short to prevent the emergence of baldness; for the old branches, they should be retracted in time; using the dormant buds, the canopy should be updated.
4, to improve the light within the crown. For dense branches, overlapping branches and crowns that grow in the canopy, competing branches and cross branches that grow in the canopy, properly retract or sparse.
5. Trim the upper branches and lower branches. When the back branch is used as the main branch to extend the head, the main branch head should be higher than the side branches, and the main branch growth should be stronger than the side branch; the back branch should be removed in time.
6, control the back branches and drooping branches grow. The walnut branches open at an angle; the growth of the back branches and the drooping branches and the growth of the back branches and both branches compete for nutrition. While pruning the walnut trees, it is better to combine them with other management measures (such as fertilization, watering, pest control, etc.).
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