[China Pharmaceutical Network Technology News] Recently, biomedical engineers from the University of Houston and Xi'an Jiaotong University have developed a miniature 3D chip for drug screening in patients with brain tumors. Metin Akay of the University of Houston in the United States pointed out: "The platform we developed will have a huge impact in this area because it can use a very small sample from biopsy and test which combinations and doses are most effective outside the clinical setting."
It is reported that this device can achieve personalized anti-cancer therapy at a relatively low cost. He is also a co-author of the doctoral tutor of the Center for Bionic Engineering and Biomechanics of Xi'an Jiaotong University and Professor Xu Feng of the “Thousands of Young People†of the Central Organization Department.
Although cell microarrays (arranging living cells on solid surfaces and analyzing large amounts of biological material) are widely found in biomedicine, most current techniques use only 2D cell culture. Because these 2D designs do not reflect the original large environment of most organizations, they have limited value in drug screening and clinical applications. Now, a new study published in the journal Scientific Reports has developed a 3D chip for high-throughput drug screening, making personalized treatment for patients with invasive brain cancer possible.
A team led by Metin Akay of the University of Houston in the United States has developed a drug screening device for the treatment of invasive tumors (called glioblastoma multiforme brain, GBM). Akam said: "GBM is the second most deadly cancer after leukemia, and the average survival after diagnosis is only 15 to 16 months. Our goal is to develop a new, three-dimensional hydrogel-based system. For drug discovery and testing drug efficacy."
Most cell chips used for drug screening are designed to have microfluidic channels - made of a rubber material called poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) that does not mimic the natural cellular environment. To overcome this limitation, Akay's team used a new gel called poly(ethylene) glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) to create their own chips. PEGDA hydrogels are permeable to water and biomolecules, so they allow the chemicals carried by the chip to “smart releaseâ€. The chip releases these chemicals in the 3D environment created by the research team and tests the drug's response.
Due to recent developments in the 3-D tissue model, the research team created more realistic cell-cell/cell-matrix interactions to mimic drug screening in an in vivo environment. Akay pointed out: "The platform we developed will have a huge impact in this area because it enables the use of a very small sample from biopsy and tests which combinations and doses are most effective outside the clinical setting."
To apply the chip to drug screening for gliomas, the team selected two FDA-approved anticancer drugs (pitvastatin and irinotecan). Akay said: "First of all, there is some pollution, which is initially disappointing. However, in the platform, we began to see that using simple samples in vitro, by injecting tumors, we can build in 7 to 14 days. These beautiful spheres (aggregation of cancer cells cultured in vitro)."
After adjusting the device, the research team successfully demonstrated that the chip can adjustably release anticancer drugs on GBM spheres and their ability to test drug reactions in the surrounding environment. The device provides drug screening results within 4 days of drug application.
Savas Tay, a biosystems engineer at the University of Chicago, was not involved in the study, but he pointed out: "Combining the rapid printing of hydrogels and microfluidic channels is a great technology. In its current form, the chip needs further Optimization and characterization for drug screening. The diffusion of molecules secreted by drugs and cells through hydrogels may cause cross-contamination problems that affect the accuracy of readings. This should be better characterized and strategies used to make various conditions Minimize cross-contamination between them."
Akay explained: "Because the chip device is scalable, the research team can adjust the number of inputs in the future to accommodate different quantities of drugs at the same time. In addition, we will use freshly excised human tissue instead of cell lines, Used in combination with chemotherapy and immunotherapeutics for treatment."
In future applications, the research team intends to use this chip to culture tiny tissue samples from tissue samples obtained from patient biopsies. This three-dimensional cell culture platform can provide useful and cost-effective screening for preclinical studies, especially in developing countries. Akay said: "Our goal is to develop a technology that reduces the cost of health care and increases the welfare of early-diagnosed patients and leads to better therapies."
In February 2015, researchers at the University of Chicago School of Medicine established a model system that uses a variety of cell types from patients to quickly test compounds that block early ovarian cancer metastasis steps. The study, published in the February 5 issue of Nature Communications, first described a high-throughput ovarian cancer drug screening platform that mimics the organization and function of human tissue. Related reading: Nat Comm: The first high-throughput ovarian cancer drug screening platform.
Although cancer stem cells (CSCs) have become a promising study, they are rare and complex to separate, making them difficult to apply to drug screening. Recently, researchers at the University of Florida have developed a new approach that is expected to overcome this barrier and enable drug screening on microchip platforms. This achievement was recently published online in the July 2015 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). Related reading: PNAS: chip platform for cancer drug screening.
In June, researchers at Johns Hopkins University reported that a laboratory-grown human nerve cell could partner with cardiomyocytes to stimulate contraction. Because the nerve cells that accelerate heartbeat are derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) made from human skin cells, the researchers believe that these cells, called sympathetic nerve cells, will help us study diseases that affect the nervous system. Related reading: Cell supplement: Cell reprogramming accelerates drug screening.
It is reported that this device can achieve personalized anti-cancer therapy at a relatively low cost. He is also a co-author of the doctoral tutor of the Center for Bionic Engineering and Biomechanics of Xi'an Jiaotong University and Professor Xu Feng of the “Thousands of Young People†of the Central Organization Department.
Although cell microarrays (arranging living cells on solid surfaces and analyzing large amounts of biological material) are widely found in biomedicine, most current techniques use only 2D cell culture. Because these 2D designs do not reflect the original large environment of most organizations, they have limited value in drug screening and clinical applications. Now, a new study published in the journal Scientific Reports has developed a 3D chip for high-throughput drug screening, making personalized treatment for patients with invasive brain cancer possible.
A team led by Metin Akay of the University of Houston in the United States has developed a drug screening device for the treatment of invasive tumors (called glioblastoma multiforme brain, GBM). Akam said: "GBM is the second most deadly cancer after leukemia, and the average survival after diagnosis is only 15 to 16 months. Our goal is to develop a new, three-dimensional hydrogel-based system. For drug discovery and testing drug efficacy."
Most cell chips used for drug screening are designed to have microfluidic channels - made of a rubber material called poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) that does not mimic the natural cellular environment. To overcome this limitation, Akay's team used a new gel called poly(ethylene) glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) to create their own chips. PEGDA hydrogels are permeable to water and biomolecules, so they allow the chemicals carried by the chip to “smart releaseâ€. The chip releases these chemicals in the 3D environment created by the research team and tests the drug's response.
Due to recent developments in the 3-D tissue model, the research team created more realistic cell-cell/cell-matrix interactions to mimic drug screening in an in vivo environment. Akay pointed out: "The platform we developed will have a huge impact in this area because it enables the use of a very small sample from biopsy and tests which combinations and doses are most effective outside the clinical setting."
To apply the chip to drug screening for gliomas, the team selected two FDA-approved anticancer drugs (pitvastatin and irinotecan). Akay said: "First of all, there is some pollution, which is initially disappointing. However, in the platform, we began to see that using simple samples in vitro, by injecting tumors, we can build in 7 to 14 days. These beautiful spheres (aggregation of cancer cells cultured in vitro)."
After adjusting the device, the research team successfully demonstrated that the chip can adjustably release anticancer drugs on GBM spheres and their ability to test drug reactions in the surrounding environment. The device provides drug screening results within 4 days of drug application.
Savas Tay, a biosystems engineer at the University of Chicago, was not involved in the study, but he pointed out: "Combining the rapid printing of hydrogels and microfluidic channels is a great technology. In its current form, the chip needs further Optimization and characterization for drug screening. The diffusion of molecules secreted by drugs and cells through hydrogels may cause cross-contamination problems that affect the accuracy of readings. This should be better characterized and strategies used to make various conditions Minimize cross-contamination between them."
Akay explained: "Because the chip device is scalable, the research team can adjust the number of inputs in the future to accommodate different quantities of drugs at the same time. In addition, we will use freshly excised human tissue instead of cell lines, Used in combination with chemotherapy and immunotherapeutics for treatment."
In future applications, the research team intends to use this chip to culture tiny tissue samples from tissue samples obtained from patient biopsies. This three-dimensional cell culture platform can provide useful and cost-effective screening for preclinical studies, especially in developing countries. Akay said: "Our goal is to develop a technology that reduces the cost of health care and increases the welfare of early-diagnosed patients and leads to better therapies."
In February 2015, researchers at the University of Chicago School of Medicine established a model system that uses a variety of cell types from patients to quickly test compounds that block early ovarian cancer metastasis steps. The study, published in the February 5 issue of Nature Communications, first described a high-throughput ovarian cancer drug screening platform that mimics the organization and function of human tissue. Related reading: Nat Comm: The first high-throughput ovarian cancer drug screening platform.
Although cancer stem cells (CSCs) have become a promising study, they are rare and complex to separate, making them difficult to apply to drug screening. Recently, researchers at the University of Florida have developed a new approach that is expected to overcome this barrier and enable drug screening on microchip platforms. This achievement was recently published online in the July 2015 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). Related reading: PNAS: chip platform for cancer drug screening.
In June, researchers at Johns Hopkins University reported that a laboratory-grown human nerve cell could partner with cardiomyocytes to stimulate contraction. Because the nerve cells that accelerate heartbeat are derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) made from human skin cells, the researchers believe that these cells, called sympathetic nerve cells, will help us study diseases that affect the nervous system. Related reading: Cell supplement: Cell reprogramming accelerates drug screening.
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