The Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. was a fungus in the genus Fusarium spp. of the semi-known fungal flora, and the whole period of growth of the watermelon could be affected. At the seedling stage, the base of the young stem becomes brown and curled up, and the cotyledon and young leaves wilting droop and suddenly fall down. Plants became ill. The diseased plants grew slowly. The lower leaves became yellow and gradually developed upwards. At the early stage of disease, it is wilted during the day and recovers sooner or later. After several days, the whole plant is wilting and dead. The basal stem of the withered plant was rough and the roots were longitudinally split. When wet, stems are immersed in water and rot. White to pink molds appear, which are the conidia and conidia of pathogens. The diseased department often bleeds off jelly, and the stem vascular bundle becomes brown.
Since February, as the temperature has risen, the disease has generally taken place in the watermelon cultivation area in the Suijian Township. As of mid-March, an area of ​​more than 200 mu has occurred. In order to reduce the losses caused by watermelon wilt disease, the prevention and control suggestions are proposed:
1, the implementation of rotation down, timely removal of diseased plants. In the case of watermelon blight, it is best to plant watermelons more than three years apart. The diseased plant was found to be immediately unplugged and burned, and 20% of fresh lime milk was poured into the diseased planting hole, 500 ml per pot of irrigating solution.
2, selection of anti-heavy watermelon varieties, can also be used as a rootstock grafted watermelon seedlings gourd.
3, to strengthen the cultivation and management: Guadi to choose a high-lying, well-drained, fertile sandy loam land. Pay attention to drainage after the rain to prevent water accumulation. The best watering ditch, using fine water infiltration, flood irrigation. Apply basic fertilizer, pay attention to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer with the application of partial nitrogen fertilizer to prevent, especially during the fruiting period to control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer in order to cause vine leaves long, induced blight.
4. Chemical control: Use 2.5% Suspension 200 times solution, or 30% Methoxurin 600 times solution, 0.4-0.5 kilograms per strain. In the initial stage, the fruit is sprayed with 10% double-effect water-repellent agent 200 times, or Hi-tech 30% metalaxyl hymexazol 600 times, or 38% causal agent, 800 times, or 50% benomyl wettable powder. 800-1000 times liquid, or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times liquid plus 15% triadimefon WP 4000 times, or 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times or 40% guavacine 1000 times spray . Spray once every 10 days, even spray 2-3 times, 60 kg per mu, in sunny afternoon.
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