Breakthrough in fertility technology: It is expected to develop new methods to treat infertility
March 25, 2016 Source: China Daily
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];American scientists have discovered the key mechanism of sperm and egg cell combination and pregnancy, and achieved major breakthroughs in fertility technology. It is expected to develop new methods to treat infertility, and may even develop unisex contraceptives.
How does the sperm enter the egg cell? Scientists have found that there is a receptor protein in the tail of the sperm that reacts with the progesterone progesterone secreted by the egg cell. When the sperm is close to the egg cell, progesterone activates the receptor protein, providing power to the sperm tail, helping it penetrate the protective layer and enter the egg cell.
If progesterone comes, the receptor protein does not respond, leading to infertility.
Scientists say that ensuring the reaction mechanism between progesterone and receptor proteins helps treat infertility. Conversely, if this mechanism is broken, contraception can be achieved – which means that there may be a contraceptive that can be taken by both men and women in the future.
Scientists at the University of California found this achievement. University of California postdoctoral Melissa Miller said: "People generally feel that pregnancy is like a marathon, the fastest and most powerful sperm wins. We think this is more like the Tour de France, the front rider is sheltering in front, The real winner benefits in the future. Pregnancy is a group sport, the first sperm is responsible for the road, exhausting all energy to break through the barrier cells, so that those slow and stable guys can enter the oocyte."
“One thing is really cool. We have a goal to develop unisex contraceptives,†Miller said. “If progesterone fails, sperm cannot reach and enter the oocyte.â€
Scientists have limited understanding of the interaction between sperm and egg cells, so it is currently unable to answer nearly 80% of male infertility cases. Statistics show that in the case of half of couples infertility, the problem lies in sperm.
Sperm is the smallest cell in the human body and is limited by equipment. Until five years ago, scientists can really study the internal mechanism of sperm. In recent years, the University of California has developed this innovative technology that allows electrodes to attach to the tail of the sperm and analyze the reaction of the sperm when it encounters hormones.
Further studies have found that progesterone does not act directly on sperm, but indirectly through a catalyst called ABHD2. ABHD2 is high in sperm and is common on sperm surfaces. After ABHD2 is exposed to progesterone, it can liberate the receptor protein in the tail of sperm, making pregnancy possible.
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