When the author went to the countryside, he often heard farmers reflect that every year's chemical fertilizers are not scarce, and they are all brand-name products that can be less effective than Others and I do not know how to increase the effect of fertilization. The implementation of its fertilizer should also speak of time and place, analysis, may wish to find the reasons from the following aspects.
Farmers who do not look at the thickness and fertilization of the soil do not look at the thickness and properties of the soil and fertilize the soil, which affects the effectiveness of the fertilizer. Fertilizer can not be used blindly. It should be applied by soil. For example, if nitrogen fertilizer is applied in the fertilizer field, the economic benefit is not high, and even there are side effects, if it is applied to low-yielding fields, the yield increase effect is 2-3 times higher than that applied to the fertilizer field. Phosphorus fertilizer is applied in soils deficient in phosphorus. The yield is about three times higher than in the soil without phosphorus deficiency. Therefore, we must do it according to local conditions and fertilize soil. In addition, there is a difference in soil texture. Sandy soils should be treated with organic fertilizers such as soil-fertilizers, straws, etc. to gradually improve the soil structure; cohesive soils generally have poor permeability and slow fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, the application of organic fertilizer must be fully cooked after application, topdressing fertilizer should be earlier, and should "eat more and less." In the later period, avoid excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer; the soil texture is good, suitable for all types of crop growth, generally according to output requirements and crop growth, appropriate timely fertilization. Fertilizer should be combined with long-acting fertilizer and short-acting fertilizer, and organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer should be used in combination to fertilize the soil and combine with fertilizer.
Farmers who do not look at the weather and fertilize do not look at the weather, which will reduce the fertilizer effect. In the low temperature season, the fertilization time should be appropriately advanced. When the organic fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer, it should be fully cooked and decomposed; the high-temperature weather fertilizer should be deepened to prevent the fertilizer from dispersing and burning. The soil is too wet, the chemical fertilizer should be applied shallowly, and the soil should be deeper than the dry soil. When the drought is low, the soil moisture content is low. After the chemical fertilizer is applied, the crop is difficult to absorb and use. It should be combined with irrigation or drizzle rain to fertilize; do not apply fertilizer before heavy rain or heavy rain to prevent fertilizer loss and leakage loss.
Regardless of crop types, some farmers do not look at fertilizers in crop varieties. Actually, the scientific method of fertilization is that root and tuber crops should be dominated by phosphorus and potash fertilizers, with nitrogenous fertilizer; leafy vegetable crops should be treated with more nitrogen fertilizer, and appropriate application of phosphate fertilizers; Corn, wheat, wheat and other grass crops require more nitrogen, and should be dominated by nitrogen fertilizers, with phosphorus and potash fertilizers; while sugar cane, hemp, and potato crops need nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer is also needed, and potassium fertilizer should be added; Rhizobium species have crops that have the ability to fix nitrogen in the air and require less nitrogen, so they are mainly based on phosphate fertilizers.
Regardless of the difference in fertilization, such as sweet potato, rice, cabbage, and radish, the postharvest crops will need to spend the winter and spring cold seasons. It is advisable to apply thermal fertilizers such as sheep and donkeys; It is a mouthwash for wheat, potatoes, etc. It has sufficient time for leisure and sunburn. It is recommended to apply cold fertilizers such as pigs and cow dung that contain more moisture; for soft fleas, such as peanuts and soybean meal, the soil is soft and there are more nitrogen fertilizers left. It is recommended to apply more phosphorus and potash fertilizers; for hard waxy rice such as corn, sorghum and cottonseed, soil should be hardened and organic fertilizer should be applied.
Do not look at the crop growth The various growth stages of fertilization crops have different physiological characteristics, and the absorption and absorption time of fertilizers are different. In the development stages of roots, stems and leaves, generally more nitrogen fertilizer is needed. For example, early rice has a short growing season, and the peak of nitrogen uptake appears in the period from greening to tillering after transplanting (15-20 days). Therefore, it is necessary to reapply manure, stable panicle fertilizer and grain fertilizer. The early growth of hemp crops is fast. The growth of plants and the formation of fibroblasts are almost simultaneously. Therefore, in addition to satisfying the requirement of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer must be applied at the same time to meet the demand for nutrients.
Fertilizers that are not chemically stable due to fertilizer properties, such as fertilizers such as urea, diammonium phosphate, and superphosphate, should be used as basal or seed fertilizers, or applied to root concentrates in advance; chemically unstable and volatile fertilizers, Such as ammonia, ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and other fertilizers, should be deep-sealed seal soil, in order to reduce nutrient losses; individual crops or fields require special fertilizers, such as paddy fields should not be applied nitrate-nitrogen fertilizers, ammonium fertilizers should be applied, sweet potatoes, Potatoes, tobacco and other crops are kept from chlorine. It is not appropriate to use ammonium chloride, potassium chloride and other chlorine-containing fertilizers.
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