Tomato cracking disease is divided into tomato top cracking fruit and tomato grain cracking fruit. Tomato cracking disease brings great damage to tomato growth. Today, Hui Nongwang Xiaobian and everyone share how to prevent tomato cracking disease.
First, the symptoms of tomato cracking disease:
1. Tomato top cracking fruit: refers to the cracking of the umbilical part of the fruit and its surrounding skin. Sometimes the placenta tissue and seeds are exposed to the skin with the peel, and the umbilical part of the mature fruit is like the palm of the cat's claw. ).
2, tomato grain cracking fruit: refers to the surface of the fruit is striped, according to the cracking site and the original reason, can be divided into 1 radial striate. 2 concentric circular cracks. 3 striped cracks. 4 tomato cross cracked fruit.
Second, the cause of tomato cracking disease:
1. Varieties related to the characteristics of the variety, generally large fruit type, round fruit cork layer thicker than the small and medium-sized, high pile type cork layer is more susceptible to cracking.
2, caused by environmental conditions, the night temperature is low during the flower bud differentiation period, especially the night temperature is lower than 8 °C, coupled with soil drought, excessive nitrogen fertilizer and other factors, causing the plant to absorb calcium and boron barriers, flowers Nutrients are absent, forming malformed flowers with stamens and stamens resting on the ovary, resulting in top cracking and transverse cracking. In the late stage of fruit development or color change period, high temperature, strong light irradiation, drought, especially after long drought, watering or heavy rain, when the growth of the peel and the expansion speed of the pulp tissue are not synchronized, the swell pressure increases and the cracking occurs.
3, the lack of guidance, the soil is deficient in potassium, calcium, boron and other elements, or in the poor soil environment conditions caused by the absorption of calcium and boron, the plant is also prone to cracking.
4, the application of plant growth regulators improper, the use of flowers and fruits when the concentration is too large, water and fertilizer can not keep up, is also caused by ovary malformation development, or cause local physiological function is strong, causing physiological disorders and cracking.
5, the topping is too early, causing nutrients to concentrate on the fruit and causing cracking.
Third, tomato cracking disease prevention and treatment methods:
1. First select the varieties with strong crack resistance. Generally, the small and medium-sized high-pile cork layer is thin, and the varieties with thick peel are more resistant to cracking.
2. During the nursery period, especially during the flower bud differentiation period, sufficient light should be maintained. The temperature should not be too high or too low. Starting from 2-4 leaves in the seedling stage, the temperature of the seedbed should be kept at 24-25 °C during the day and at 15-17 °C during the night. Maintain until the first half of the colonization, especially the night temperature can not be lower than 8 °C for a long time.
3, prevention and control of direct sunlight, in the late autumn and late cultivation, early spring cultivation, the lower leaves should not be destroyed prematurely, can play a shade for the fruit to prevent cracking.
4, manage the soil moisture, prevent the soil from being too dry and wet, drain the water in time after rain, and keep the relative humidity of the soil at about 80%.
5. Provide good environmental conditions for the growth of roots. Due to the potassium fertilizer, the application of sufficient potassium can increase the thickness of the peel and reduce the occurrence of cracked fruit. Because the tomato flowering stage is particularly sensitive to calcium, the calcium deficiency and boron in the growth process tend to cause the peel to age and cause cracking. After planting, the leaf spray can be periodically sprayed. Apply calcium fertilizer and boron fertilizer.
6, the correct use of plant growth regulators, the concentration should not be too large when using hormones, it is necessary to determine the use concentration for different varieties, to avoid cracking.
7, pruning should be moderate, to ensure that the plants have lush leaves to strengthen the transpiration of excess water in the body, to avoid the concentration of nutrients to supply fruit to cause cracking.
8. Spray the growing fruit with 85% longer than 1000-2000 times, or apply the growing fruit with 1000 times of calcium chloride solution to prevent cracking.
The above is the prevention and treatment of tomato cracking disease, I hope the above can help you solve the problem of tomato cracking.
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