Recently, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the National Standardization Administration approved the publication of the "Determination of Oxytetracycline, Tetracycline, Chlortetracycline and Doxycycline in Organic Fertilizers, High Performance Liquid Chromatography". The standard will be March 2017. It will be implemented on the 1st. The new standard is of great significance to the organic fertilizer industry, which will promote the organic manure treatment of livestock manure in China and provide a safe and effective standard for farmland soil treatment.
Antibiotics and Livestock Manure
In order to treat animal diseases and accelerate animal growth, more than 8,000 tons of antibiotics are widely used in animal husbandry a year. Only a small amount of antibiotics are used in the metabolism of animals to be effectively used. Most antibiotics and resistance genes follow animal urine and feces. Excreted, and livestock and poultry excrement as organic fertilizer for agricultural production, may cause soil antibiotic contamination, and endanger the safety of agricultural products. Residues of antibiotics in animal feces will be absorbed and accumulated by the plants as they enter the soil and destroy the microecological balance around the plant rhizosphere. Antibiotic pollution has become one of the international research hotspots.
China is a big country in agriculture, and the livestock and poultry husbandry industry has gradually shifted from decentralized to intensive farming. Under the temptation of economic interests, the abuse of antibiotics is more serious than in other countries. Therefore, the problem of antibiotic pollution caused by livestock and poultry excrement is also more serious. To highlight. Among them, the detection of tetracycline resistance gene and sulphonamide resistance gene was the most common, and the quinolone resistance gene was also detected, but it was rare. Although there will be some residual antibiotics in livestock and poultry excrement, it is not necessary to talk about antibiotic “discolorationâ€.
Compostable degradable antibiotic
Is there any way to degrade antibiotic residues in livestock and poultry excrement?
Composting is an effective way to dispose of various wastes to make them harmless and resource-efficient. The use of compost to remove harmful pollutants from livestock and poultry manure can also play a role. By improving the composting conditions by adding inhibitors or thermophiles during the composting process, it is possible to prevent antibiotic resistance genes from entering the soil environment to a certain extent and to reduce the content of new environmental pollutants such as antibiotic resistance genes.
In the actual compost production, it is generally selected to add conditioners to adjust the composting effect, such as sawdust, straw, straw, etc., having a higher carbon content, and is most widely used in aerobic composting, particularly chicken manure composting. In addition, the temperature of the reactor body can be significantly increased by adding a microbial agent such as a thermophilic agent to prolong the duration of high temperature. Composting can significantly reduce the concentration of antibiotics in the feces.
Most livestock and poultry excrements are directly applied to crops without composting. Antibiotic resistance genes will enter agricultural products through the soil environment and even enter the human body through the food chain, threatening human health, and antibiotics are necessary for industrialization, large-scale farming and animal disease prevention. Used, it is difficult to control its use from the source.
Livestock and poultry manure processing status
According to statistics, the effective disposal rate of livestock and poultry manure is only 30.1%. Among them, the traditional way of handling waste manure and livestock excrement is 41.7%; industrial composting and biogas production account for 16.5% and 13.6% respectively. The processing rate is only 30.1%); the remaining 28.2% are handled or not, how to handle the unknown.
In view of the above, it can be considered that industrially composting is used to remove the antibiotic gene efficiently using the high temperature generated during the composting process and rapidly degrade the residual antibiotics in the feces.
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