Soil is the basic means of production for agricultural production. The amount of agricultural soil resources in China is very limited, and the per capita cultivated area is far below the world average. With increasing population and decreasing cultivated land area, whether the soil quality is good or not, and whether the scientific management of soil use management is directly related to the sustainable development of agricultural production and human survival.
At present, the problem of soil management existing in agricultural production is relatively serious and has affected the normal progress of agricultural production to a large extent.
First, there are two extremes in the content of organic substances. On the one hand, most farmland soils have insufficient or no supplements for organic fertilizers, and their organic matter content decreases year by year. On the other hand, soils with a small part of protected areas are overfilled with organic fertilizers, and soil organic matter content exceeds the appropriate range seriously. The most obvious is that the number of phytopathogens in the soil has greatly increased, and as a result, the use of chemical pesticides has increased year by year, and pesticide residues in crops have increased.
The second is the serious imbalance of plant nutrients. Due to unreasonable annual fertilization and soil utilization, certain nutrients in the soil are seriously unbalanced, and “a anaemia†(ie, a lack of nutrients required for the growth and development of certain plants in the soil) appears in large areas of farmland soil. The "proliferative disease" (ie, the content of nutrients in some plants in the soil exceeds the appropriate level), which not only affects the output of agricultural products but also causes a serious decline in the quality of agricultural products, which makes the nutrients in agricultural products unbalanced and will ultimately endanger human health.
Third, the phenomenon of consolidation and aging has become increasingly serious. Due to the decline in organic matter content in the soil and aging, the cultivation and management of soil is irrational, and the type of fertilization is single. At present, the consolidation phenomenon of farmland soil and the phenomenon of “more species and more crops†are common, resulting in a decline in soil productivity and an increase in the cost of fertilizer management.
Fourth, the pollution phenomenon has obviously increased. Due to the lack of attention to the use and management of soil, especially the blindness of fertilization and use of pesticides, serious soil pollution has occurred in the farmland soil, and the content of toxic and harmful substances in the soil has been significantly accumulated, causing plant pollution, some of the agricultural products Excessive levels of toxic and hazardous substances.
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