We all know that the growth of fruit trees is affected by many natural conditions, such as proper temperature, sufficient water, fertile soil and plenty of sunlight. However, when many farmers choose to plant fruit trees, they tend to ignore some details. Other farmers are also very confused. How do you choose when you plant fruit trees? What are the precautions?
First, the fruit tree direction
When planting fruit trees, the choice of direction should consider the growth of fruit trees, the convenience of management, and the utilization of light. The main determinants of square planting are topography and features. When the rectangle is planted, especially the wide-row planting, the problem of traveling direction is especially important.
At present, the fruit trees are mostly north-south in the flat terrain, because the north-south-oriented fruit trees absorb more direct sunlight than the east-west direction, and the light is relatively uniform, not biased to one side, compared with the east-west direction, the effective light quantity The difference is up to 6%. The fruit trees in the east-west direction are more serious in the north. The canopy on the south side is stronger than the crown on the north side. The fruit coloration is better, the maturity is earlier, and the crown on the north side is weaker, and the fruit coloration is poor and mature. Later, even a partial crown phenomenon will occur.
However, in the actual orchard selection, the orchard with flat terrain is limited, and most orchards are built in hills, mountains and so on. Therefore, the choice of direction is not necessarily. At the time of the construction of the orchard, it is not only determined from the use of light energy of the fruit trees, but also comprehensive considerations from the aspects of mechanization, topography, and features. If Zhengnan and Zhengbei are not suitable, It can be planted in the northwest and northeast. Especially in the construction of orchards on hilly and mountain terraces, fruit trees should be planted according to the contour line, and the planting direction should be determined according to the growth of the tree species on the sunny slope, the shady slope or the semi-shady slope. It is recommended that the solar azimuth angle when the solar elevation angle is less than 30° is the best direction for fruit cultivation.
Second, matters needing attention
1. The place with insufficient light is not suitable for planting fruit trees.
It is not suitable for planting fruit trees in areas with poor lighting such as shady slopes, backlit valleys, large trees and high buildings. Most fruit trees are hi-light plants. If there is not enough sunshine, the branches will die, the flowers will be difficult, the fruit setting rate will be low, and the fruit tastes light.
2, where the water is not suitable for planting fruit trees
Paddy fields, dams under the ponds, reservoir tails, rivers and rivers, lakes, swamps, etc. are not suitable for planting. Most of the roots of fruit trees are afraid of wetness. If there is more water in the soil, it will rot, causing the tree to weaken, the fruit quality is poor, and the yield is not high.
3, the soil is not suitable for planting fruit trees
It is not suitable for planting fruit trees in areas where the soil layer is too thin and the soil is poor. Different fruit trees have different roots and shades. Except for drought-tolerant dwarf trees, most of the Qiaohua fruit trees are not suitable for planting in these places. Otherwise, the roots are poorly developed, the trees are weak, the early leaves are low, and the yield is low. The annual phenomenon is "serious."
4. The place with inconvenient transportation is not suitable for planting fruit trees.
Inconvenient transportation is not suitable for planting fruit trees in large areas. Because it is difficult to transport production materials and transportation products, increase production costs and reduce economic benefits. In order to develop orchards in large areas, it is necessary to repair roads and storage facilities in advance.
If the topography limits the choice of direction, in addition to the above places that are not suitable for the construction of the orchard, it is also possible to improve the lighting environment by using trimming, dwarf cultivation, plastic film mulching, and reasonable close planting. After all, the choice of direction is due to the need for appropriate lighting conditions, as long as the farmers pay attention to the above points when planting fruit trees.
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