When mulching spring peanuts, plastic film mulching cultivation technology is used, which has the advantages of early sowing, increasing temperature and moisture, inhibiting weeds, defending against the harm of cold spring and low temperature, promoting the growth and development of peanuts, promoting market early, increasing benefits, and improving the fruit-filling rate. , And can improve quality. In order to better promote the cultivation technology of peanut film mulching and achieve high quality and high efficiency of peanuts, the key technologies of peanut film mulching and sowing are now introduced as follows:
Prepare for broadcast
Variety selection and excellent breeding are the key to one-seed preservation seedlings and strong seedlings, as well as cost-effective measures to increase yield and improve quality. Peanut varieties should use high-yield varieties with high production potential and good commodities, such as Jihua No. 4, Jihua No. 5, Jihua No. 2, and Luhua No. 14 varieties.
Seed treatment Peanut seeds are generally shelled about 10 days before sowing. It is not conducive to seed germination and emergence. Peanut seeding for 2 to 3 days before shelling can kill pathogens and effectively increase the germination rate of seeds.
For field cultivation, choose sandy soil or medium soil with good fertility and good irrigation and drainage conditions. When preparing the land, use phoxim 1.5-2 kg, mix 0.5 kg of water with 20 kg of fine soil and evenly apply it into the soil to prevent overwintering grub. In order to ensure the quality of the mulching film, shallow raking and fine raking should be carried out 2 to 3 times during land preparation to achieve the leveling of the land, the top and bottom are empty, and there is no shading.
Formula fertilization combined with site preparation, apply more than 3 cubic meters of crude fertilizer per acre, 40 kilograms of superphosphate, 15 kilograms of potassium fertilizer, 500 grams of large grain boron, or 50 kilograms of 45% special high-quality compound fertilizer, 500 grams of large grain boron, evenly applied to the soil .
Choosing the mulch and mulch is to use ultra-thin membrane with a thickness of 0.05 mm, and the amount per mu is about 3.5 kg.
Sowing film technology
Sowing time In the control of sowing time, the ground temperature of 5 cm should be steadily passed above 12 ℃ as an important basis for sowing peanut covered with plastic film. In the northern region, the spring mulching peanuts are sown around April 20.
Sowing volume per mu: Large and medium kernel shelled peanuts about 25 kg (equivalent to about 16 kg of peanut kernels).
Proper dense planting is the basis and guarantee for high peanut yield. The planting method is planted according to the size of the row, with a small row spacing of 30 cm, a large row spacing of 55 to 60 cm, and a hole spacing of 18 cm. It uses hole sowing, with 2 grains per hole and a sowing depth of 3 cm. To ensure the density of 8000 ~ 9000 holes per acre.
When mulching the plastic film manually, it must be straightened and tightened, and the surrounding soil should be compacted with soil; when the mechanical film is coated, the quality of the film should be guaranteed. If the membrane has holes, use soil compaction to prevent the strong wind from peeling the membrane to speed up the ground temperature and promote early emergence and emergence of whole seedlings.
After the seedlings are broken, the peanuts will emerge one after another 10 to 15 days after sowing. When the cotyledons are unearthed and spread, or when the cotyledons are not unearthed but the true leaves are visible, use a finger or a blade to open a small cross-shaped mouth of the mulch directly to the seedlings. The seedlings emerged from the membrane, and then sealed the membrane opening with fine soil at the opening to prevent runoff. When opening seedlings, listen to the weather forecast. If the outside temperature is too high, the seedlings should not be broken too late, especially to prevent the high temperature in the membrane and the burning of seedlings when the sunlight is strong.
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