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What is the disease?
There are more than 100 kinds of diseases that have been found in melons, solanes, beans and other vegetables cultivated in energy-saving greenhouses. There are more than 50 kinds of diseases that occur frequently and are more serious. Among these diseases, except for cucumber downy mildew A small number of diseases are introduced from outside the greenhouse by means of air currents and people's farming activities, and most fungal, bacterial diseases and some viral diseases, the bacteria are overwintering in the soil or in the soil by means of sick bodies. The initial infestation of these diseases is almost always from the soil in the greenhouse.
Soil-borne diseases refer to diseases caused by pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, nematodes and viruses living in the soil with diseased residues and infesting crops from the roots or stems of the crops when appropriate. Infected pathogens include fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes, nematodes, and the like. Among them, fungi are mainly divided into non-specific parasitism and obligate parasitism. Non-specific parasitism is an exogenous root-infested fungus, such as Pythium causing sprouting and smashing, and Rhizoctonia causing seedling blight. Obligate parasitism is wilting and death caused by plant microtubule disease.
The severity of root disease is affected by the composition and concentration of root exudates. Therefore, inhibiting the activity of pathogens in the root-sparing system becomes the basis for protecting roots and controlling soil-borne diseases. However, we must pay attention to and consider the constraints of soil physical and chemical factors on the relationship between plants, soil microorganisms and root pathogens.
What are the types of soil-borne diseases?
Botrytis, blight, powdery mildew, root rot, blight, sclerotinia, blight, seedling disease, blight and various bacterial diseases; Solanum: gray mold, bacteria Nuclear disease, verticillium wilt, root rot, blight, cotton rot, cotton blight, brown streak, bacterial ulcer disease, bacterial wilt, pith necrosis, seedling disease, blight, etc. Beans: gray mold, blight, blight, root rot, sclerotinia, bacterial diseases, etc.; other categories: cabbage soft rot, pepper bacterial wilt, lettuce sclerotinia, wheat total eclipse, cotton Blight, cucumber blight, cucumber rickets and so on.
Why do crops have soil-borne diseases?
First, continuous cropping, continuous cropping is the main human factor in the formation of diseased soil. The main reason is that due to the continuous planting of a type of crop, the corresponding certain bacteria can be propagated year after year, accumulating in the soil, forming diseased soil and causing disease every year. For example, the continuous disease of the Solanaceae vegetables, blight, blight and other serious occurrence; watermelon continuous cropping, blight disease occurs seriously; ginger continuous cropping, can lead to severe ginger; strawberry continuous cropping for more than 2 years, 30% to 50%.
Second, improper fertilization, a large number of application of chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers can stimulate the growth of Fusarium, Verticillium and Rhizoctonia in soil-borne bacteria, thereby aggravating the occurrence of soil-borne diseases. Since the outbreak of cotton verticillium in China in 1993, it has occurred almost every year, and it is related to the large use of chemical fertilizers in cotton fields and the reduction of organic matter in the soil.
Third, nematode infestation, soil nematodes and diseases are closely related. Soil nematodes can cause wounds in plant roots, which are beneficial to pathogens and cause disease aggravation. Sometimes nematodes and fungal diseases occur simultaneously. For example, cotton wilt is inseparable from soil nematodes, and cotton wilt in the United States is called wilt-nematode compound disease.
What drugs are currently approved for soil-borne diseases?
Registration certificate number active ingredient and content type control object registration certificate holder
PD2016153240% pyrimethanil suspension grape gray mold Zhejiang Shijia Technology Co., Ltd.
PD2014238750% cyprodinil water dispersible granules Swiss Syngenta Crop Protection Co., Ltd.
PD2015024580% Pythium WP Wet Powder Shaanxi Hengtian Biological Agriculture Co., Ltd.
PD2015097850% chlorpyrifos water dispersible granule Jiangyin Sully Chemical Co., Ltd.
PD2015150043% Procymidone Suspension Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
PD2015242943% fluopyram and furfuryl ester suspension agent Bayer AG
PD20060014400g / liter of pyrimethanil suspension agent Bayer AG
PD2016035042.4% pyraclostrobin · Fluconazole amide suspension BASF Europe
PD2016043140% pyrimethanil·isobacter urea suspension Beijing Fulite Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.
PD201607522 billion spores/gram of Trichoderma WP Shanghai Yilihua Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
PD201701170.3% matrine water agent Shaanxi Yangling Dadi Chemical Co., Ltd.
PD2017022762% cyprodinil·Fluoridazole nitrile water dispersible granules Zhejiang Hangzhou Yulong Chemical Co., Ltd.
PD2008590330% thiophanate-Fumei double suspending agent tomato gray mold Zhejiang Heben Technology Co., Ltd.
PD20098509500g/L Isobacteria Suspension Jiangsu Huifeng Bio-Agriculture Co., Ltd.
PD2014164325% Isobacteria Suspension Qingdao Haina Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
PD2009741825%Protease·BaiChanqing Tobacco Shanxi Ossino Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
PD2009678850%isobacteria wettable powder Shandong Heyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
PD20142307400g / liter of pyrimethanil suspension agent Shaanxi Hengtian Biological Agriculture Co., Ltd.
PD2014246850% fluazidamine water dispersible granule Jiangyin Sully Chemical Co., Ltd.
PD2009841550g/L hexazolol suspending agent Jiangsu Fengdeng Crop Protection Co., Ltd.
PD2018388330% flavonoids suspension agent Jiangxi Zhengbang Crop Protection Co., Ltd.
PD2018042443% chlorpyrifos suspension agent Jiangyin Sully Chemical Co., Ltd.
PD2008586725% pyrimethanil wettable powder strawberry gray mold Zhejiang Heben Technology Co., Ltd.
PD20142156100 billion spores/gram Bacillus subtilis wettable powder Shandong Yiming Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
PD2015097850% chlorpyrifos water dispersible granule Jiangyin Sully Chemical Co., Ltd.
PD2015148316% Polymycin Resistant Granules Pesticide Industry (China) Co., Ltd.
PD2015242943% fluopyram and furfuryl ester suspension agent Bayer AG
PD2017058580% Kedan Dan Water Dispersible Granules Tianjin Huayu Pesticide Co., Ltd.
PD2018086150% pyraclostrobin water dispersible granules Shaanxi Hengtian Biological Agriculture Co., Ltd.
PD2008586725% pyrimethanil wettable powder cucumber gray mold Zhejiang Heben Technology Co., Ltd.
PD200968332 billion live spores / gram fungus WP WP Shandong Tainuo Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
PD2009750850% Pythium WP WP Shandong Xinxing Pesticide Co., Ltd.
PD2009800110% Polymycin-resistant wettable powder Xi'an Beinonghua Crop Protection Co., Ltd.
PD20150091100 billion spores/gram Bacillus subtilis wettable powder Hebei Zhongbao Green Crops Technology Co., Ltd.
PD2010032365% thiophanate-methyl keto-wettable powder Jiangsu Lanfeng Biochemical Co., Ltd.
PD2007052250% prochloraz manganese salt wettable powder pepper gray mold Jiangsu Huifeng Biological Agriculture Co., Ltd.
PD2014188560% pyrimethanil·isobacteria water dispersible granules ornamental chrysanthemum Shandong Keda Venture Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
PD2014200325% prochloraz water emulsion garlic è–¹ gray mold Shandong Aowei Te Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
This article material reference platform: Baidu Encyclopedia, part of the data from the Huisheng pesticide registration certificate agent, Yue Ge agricultural resources network comprehensive finishing, if there is a leak, please leave a message, in order to help the majority of growers.
This article URL: What are the soil-borne diseases? Which drugs on the market can effectively prevent soil-borne diseases?
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