Key points for pruning apple trees with different balanced trees

1. Pruning of overgrown trees

When the tree vigor grows too vigorously, the vegetative growth dominates, which will cause insufficient nutrition of the flower bud differentiation, which is not conducive to the formation of flower buds. When transforming this type of tree, it should be mainly "slow", extend the length of the branches, generally cut at the weak buds, increase the branching angle of the main branches, remove the upper branch group, leave the lower branch group, and cut the backbone branches , Control the delivery of nutrients to promote flowering.

2. Pruning of weak trees

When the tree grows too weak, it can be recut to stimulate its growth. The extended branches should be cut at the full buds in the middle, take the strong branches to take the lead, gradually raise the angle of the extended branches, and keep the lower branch groups less to prevent weakening the growth of the branches.

3. Pruning of partial crown trees

Fruit trees have large branches on one side and small branches on the other side. When crown growth occurs, the first is to sparse branches at the lower part of the large branch and to sparse flowers at the upper part of the small branch; Keep less fruit on small branches; Fourth, fertilize less on the direction of large branches, and apply more fertilizer on the direction of small branches.

Key points for pruning apple trees with different balanced trees

4. Pruning of strong and weak trees

This type of young tree is also relatively common in various apple producing areas, mostly caused by too slow head down, unreasonable main branch angle, and wrong pruning. The main performances are as follows: the upper branches are strong and vigorous, with more shoots, the main branches are thicker, the angle between the branches is smaller, the branches and leaves are larger, and occupy a lot of light and heat resources. Due to strong vegetative growth, it is more difficult to produce flowers; the lower branches grow weaker, the light is poor, and diseases and insects breed, and it is also difficult to produce flowers. The adjustment of this type of tree is mainly to strengthen the weak. The adjustment measures for the upper branches are: thinning upright branches, removing large branches on the dense branches and branch branches, using weak branches to take the lead; opening the main branch angle; pulling part of the annual branches and part of the resulting branch group from the base The branches droop. Adjustment measures for the lower branches: for the main branches and some branches that are too long, they can be retracted and rejuvenated, using strong branches to take the lead; for the main branches that are too low, they can be removed directly, pay attention to the pile left by the diagonal saw, and treat the wound in time; for the opening angle If the main branch is too large, you can take measures to hang it and lift the branch. The whole tree pays attention to strengthening the management of fertilizer and water and the prevention of plant diseases and insect pests.

5. Pruning strong and weak trees

Such trees are commonly known as "card neck trees". The main performance is as follows: there are many main branches in the lower part and the growth is strong, some main branches are even thicker than the middle trunk, and the upper branches are weak. The main contradiction of this type of tree is at the bottom. Adjustment measures: Appropriate removal of 1 ~ 2 lower main branches; opening the angle of lower main branches; proper removal of oversized branches and overbranched branches on lower main branches, using weak branches to take the lead; comprehensive use of branching and branching for lower branches , Take branches, ring cut, cut buds, thin branches, spray flowers, etc. measures to disperse the polarity and promote the flowering results of the lower big branches; according to the situation, the middle stem and the upper branches are directly removed from the lower big branches, and transformed into a happy shape. Afterwards, pay attention to strengthening the management of fertilizer and water, and do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests.

6. Excessive pruning of whorled branches

There are too many twigs at the base, usually 4 to 5, which causes the phenomenon of "pinching the neck" of the fruit tree, resulting in a weak stem in the center of the fruit tree and affecting the growth potential of the tree body. Solution: For 4 to 5 whorled branches, one of the lower parts can be removed, and the other one can be retracted by one, and then the remaining 2 to 3 main branches can be pressed down.

7. Pruning of cross branches

The cross branches in the tree body should be retracted by one branch and extended by one branch. When crossing between the rows, both rows should be retracted so as to leave a working path and improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions.

8. Pruning of parallel branches

Parallel branches should be pulled as much as possible to increase the branches of the tree. When there is no space, the apple tree entering the full fruiting period should be thinned and put away to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the tree body.

9. Pruning of auxiliary branches

In the early growth stage of fruit trees, the auxiliary branches should be pulled and pressed to promote flowering, so as to increase the fruiting amount of the tree. After the result, it should be retracted immediately to avoid the posterior baldness, so as to cultivate a compact fruiting branch group.

10. Pruning of bare branches

When some branches of apple trees are not cut for several years in a row, they often extend uniaxially and rarely shoot, resulting in a large section of baldness. Due to the limited nutritional area, the fruit grows poorly. When pruning such branches, if there is space to implement circumcision to stimulate bud germination to grow the required branches; you can also retract in time to stimulate the shoots and cultivate good branches to expand the area of ​​photosynthesis. If there is no space, it should be removed immediately to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the tree.

11. Pruning of overdone trees

The height of the fixed trunk of the apple tree exceeds 120 cm, the lower part of the trunk is bare, the growth of the tree body is weak, and the formation is late, which is not conducive to early high yield. For this tree, buds should be carved on the appropriate parts of the trunk, or abdomen in the appropriate parts.

12. Pruning of fixed low trees

The height of the fixed trunk of the apple tree is less than 60 cm. There are many large branches at the bottom of the trunk. The low-end new shoots are useless and grow very long. The trunk of the tree is not obvious. The quality of the ground sticks is poor, which affects the formation of the crown. The upper branches of such trees should be shortened in order to increase the amount of branches; the lower branches of large branches are stripped off, and the results are removed every year to enhance the growth of the upper part of the fruit tree.

13. Pruning of overweight trees

The fruit tree is messy. After one-time pruning and shaping, most of the useless branches are removed, resulting in excessive pruning. The main branches on the trunk are scarred, the tree is weak, and the growth of the leading branches is weak. It affects the growth of the tree and is easy to cause diseases and insect pests. happened. When pruning this type of tree, part of the useless large branches on the trunk can be properly thinned out and retracted again. Use the "three-saw method" to press down a part. There is no space for removing the branches on the back of the main branch, and the space can be recut or flattened.

14. Pruning too many branches

Some fruit farmers in production are flattened except for sparse branches in the shaping of the spindle-shaped tree, and the useless branches are removed, and all of them are flattened, causing the branches on the back to be clustered, and the flattened branches extend slowly, which affects the expansion of the canopy. This method is not correct. The correct method is: the length of the elongated branch in the lower part of the tree is more than 100 cm, and the length of the elongated branch in the upper part is 50-60 cm, and the branches of each part reach the length of the branch; the length of the branch is not reached The short cut at the full bud can also be allowed to continue to extend freely.

Key points for pruning apple trees with different balanced trees

15. Combining winter and summer shears

In winter, there are many sparse branches and a large amount of pruning. After entering the growing season, there are many sprouts near the cut, resulting in more long branches and prosperous branches on the back. In addition, if they can't keep up with their pulling work, it will cause winter. The vicious cycle of pruning and clearing, full filling in summer, and clearing in winter not only waste a lot of nutrients of the tree, but also delay the results, and the quality of the fruit is poor, which affects the economic benefits of fruit tree cultivation.

The correct approach is: when the tree is cut in winter, the cut should be moderate. Carve the buds before the buds at the missing branches; wipe out the useless buds at the cut in time in the middle and late April; ring strip the vigorous auxiliary branches in late May; take the branches to soften and adjust the angle from July to August; autumn Small backbone branches are angled at the base to remove overdense upright branches, long branches, and competing branches.

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