Lettuce is a kind of vegetable that is easy to grow. The meat is the main edible part. The taste is tender and crisp, and many people like it. At present, lettuce is widely planted in the north and south of China and in high altitude areas. The south is mainly planted in open fields, while the north is mainly planted in greenhouses. The following small series will talk about how to plant lettuce.
First, the cultivation conditions of lettuce
1. Temperature: Lettuce likes cold weather, is more resistant to cold and is not resistant to high temperature. The suitable temperature for growth is 25-30 °C. When 12-20 °C, the stems and leaves grow best, and the plants above 240 °C are easy to convulsion.
2, lighting: lettuce requires moderate intensity of light, too strong or too weak.
3, soil: lettuce roots are relatively shallow, like fertile loose water and strong fertility loam or sandy loam.
4, Moisture: hi water but fear of cockroaches, keep the soil moist during the seedling period, the water should promote the growth of roots during the rosette period, and maintain sufficient water supply during the period of tender stem expansion.
Second, the cultivation time of lettuce
When the ground temperature is stable above 10 °C, it can be planted, and the planting time varies from place to place.
1. Lettuce is only grown in spring and autumn in most parts of the north. It is mainly spring sorghum, harvested in summer, and can be planted at the end of spring.
2, planting lettuce in the northern greenhouse, can plant spring early mouthwash (sowed at the end of September and early October, harvest in March and April), autumn after the gargle (sowed in July and August, harvested from October to December), and wintering mouth (9 Sowing at the beginning of the month, harvesting in the second year of January and February).
3. Most areas in the south can be planted all year round, and can be planted in winter for lettuce.
4. In recent years, more and more lettuce has been planted in high-altitude areas. It is planted in March-June and harvested in July and August to fill the off-season of vegetables in the plains.
Third, the cultivation technology of lettuce
1, variety selection
The varieties of lettuce are still quite a lot. The better varieties are Hangzhou lettuce, Jinan white lettuce, etc. In general, cold-resistant varieties should be selected in the early spring season, and heat-resistant and smoking-resistant varieties should be selected in summer and autumn.
2, planting methods
The lettuce grown on the production is planted after the first seedling, and the seedling age is generally 40-50 days, and it is planted when it grows to 4-6 true leaves. Before planting, the whole land will be planted with 2000 kg of high-quality decomposed manure per acre, and 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer and 30 kg of potassium sulfate will be applied. Applying more potassium fertilizer can greatly improve the taste of lettuce and make it more sweet and crisp. Turn the floor to make a flat. The row spacing of the lettuce is 30cm*30cm. After planting, the planting water is poured, and then the appropriate seedlings are carried out.
3. Water management
When the lettuce grows to about 8 leaves, the seedlings are finished. The watering amount should not be too large. The water should be poured in about 7 days. After the stem begins to expand, the demand for water and fertilizer will increase. Watering should be diligent and the soil should be kept moist. Watering should be followed by water, and 10 kg of compound fertilizer should be applied per mu.
4, scientific topdressing
After the lettuce is planted, the seedlings are applied to the seedlings, and the fertilization of the manure water and the urea 10 kg per acre of land are applied. The lettuce can not be applied with chlorine-containing fertilizer, otherwise the taste will be affected; when the fleshy stem begins to expand, the fertilizer will be applied. Each acre of land with urea 10 kg of urea, 15 kg of potassium sulfate; if the species is a mid-late mature variety, you can topdress after 15-20 days.
Fourth, the considerations of lettuce
1. Control downy mildew
Downy mildew is a common disease in the cultivation of lettuce. It is mainly caused by watering during the expansion of the fleshy stems of lettuce, plus the enlargement of the leaves and the poor ventilation between the rows. The control of downy mildew is not only the control of field humidity, but also spraying. It can be controlled by using 40% Duofu 1000 times solution or 50% dimethomorph 1000-1500 times solution.
2, stem split
The lack of boron in lettuce can easily cause the cracking of fleshy stems. After the fleshy stems are swollen, spraying 2-3 times of 0.2% borax solution can prevent it.
The above is the matter of planting lettuce. When the end of the lettuce leaves are level with the rest of the leaves, it must be harvested in time, otherwise the lettuce will become old and the fiber will increase.
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