At present, in the production of eggplant, the phenomenon of falling flowers and fruit is more common and serious, affecting the yield, quality and commercial traits of eggplant. The following are the reasons for the experts to summarize the reasons for the falling and falling of the eggplant according to the production practice and the prevention and treatment methods for reference.
1 The reason why the eggplant falls and falls
1.1 temperature is not suitable
Eggplant results require a temperature between 25 and 30 °C and a nighttime temperature between 15 and 20 °C. If it is lower than 15 °C or higher than 35 °C, the eggplant grows slowly and the flowering is severe, and the results in the production are less in the early stage and in the summer.
1.2 eggplant flower development is not good
The eggplant flower is well developed, the flower shape is large, and the color is thick. When flowering, the style is longer or equal than the anther, which is good for pollination and fertilization, and the fruit is good. Flowers that are not well developed, the style is shorter than the anther, it is difficult to get pollination, and most of the flowers are easy to fall.
1.3 lack of nutrition, lack of water
In production, it is not possible to fertilize water in time, the plant grows weakly, and there is not enough nutrients, resulting in low reproductive capacity and less fruit.
1.4 Topdressing time is not allowed
If the topdressing is not timely, the time is not properly grasped, and it is not conducive to the eggplant fruit. Generally, the top dressing is earlier, the plant is long, and it is easy to cause the flower and fruit to fall off. If the topdressing is not timely, the plant is prematurely degraded, and the production capacity is reduced, which is not conducive to fruit set.
1.5 Improper fertilization ratio
Improper fertilization rate will cause the plant to appear prolonged or weak, resulting in an imbalance between the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the plant, and it is difficult to achieve fruit.
1.6 insufficient light
Eggplant is a hi-light crop, which requires strict illumination time, insufficient illumination, poor plant growth and development, less flowering, poor flower bud quality, and easy fall and fruit drop.
1.7 pests and diseases
Diseases and pests (wilding wilt, aphids, mites, etc.) can reduce the photosynthetic capacity of eggplant, which is unfavorable for the accumulation of photosynthetic products, and is not conducive to flowering and fruit setting.
1) The field with serious occurrence of Verticillium wilt is easy to fall into the fruit. After the eggplant is infected with Verticillium wilt, the disease occurs from the bottom to the top or from one side to the whole plant. The leaf margin and veins turn yellow, and later develop to the half leaf or The whole leaves turn yellow, the photosynthesis is reduced, the nutrient accumulation is reduced, and the fruit setting rate is lowered.
2) After the mites are clustered to damage the eggplant, the host juice is sucked with a suction device to make the leaves yellow, atrophy, deformed and withered.
3) The mites (Chengdu or Ruoyi) can feed on the sap of the plant, causing the leaves to change or dry up, resulting in a decrease in the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves, which is not conducive to fruit setting.
2 Preventive measures
2.1 Do a good job in fitness training
Strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, maintain the moderate growth of plants, and balance the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. The first top dressing should be timely, when the first layer of fruit is 3 cm in diameter, topdressing to prevent premature fertilization, resulting in flower and fruit falling off. After each fruit is harvested, a top dressing is applied to prevent premature senescence and reduced productivity. In addition, pay attention to the proportion of fertilization, to prevent the imbalance of plant vegetative growth and reproductive growth caused by partial fertilizer, especially to prevent the application of nitrogen fertilizer, resulting in the emergence of plant growth. In the general eggplant production, the suitable ratio of NPK fertilizer is 2:1:1.7. Pay attention to the growth of the plant and adopt the method of promoting weak control to balance the growth of the plant.
2.2 Strengthening temperature management during flowering and fruiting
The greenhouse cultivation should strengthen the temperature management during the flowering period. In the result, the daytime temperature is controlled at about 25 °C, and the nighttime control is between 15 and 20 °C, which makes the flower bud differentiation slightly slow, which is conducive to the formation of the long column flower and the reduction of the short column flower. The ratio increases the rate of fruit set.
2.3 Scientific plastic surgery
Strengthen the plant shape adjustment to ensure that the plants have good permeability, in order to facilitate fruit set: timely removal of old branches and old leaves. Since eggplants generally produce flowers at the tillers, attention should be paid to the promotion of tillers in production. Generally, the results of the first, second and third tillers are mostly effective flowers, which can develop well and bear fruit, and after four weeks, Flower buds are poorly differentiated, and the rate of fruit set is low, mostly ineffective flowers. In production, attention should be paid to the removal of tillers after the four mites to control the amount of field branches and concentrate the supply of nutrients to facilitate fruit set.
2.4 spray chemical preservation and fruit preservation
1 to 2 days before flowering, coated with 2.4-D plant growth regulator 30 ~ 40mg / kg on the flower buds or stalks; after the first fruit set fruit, spray sodium bisulfite 180mg / kg, can increase the fruit set rate.
3 Strengthen pest control
3.1 Verticillium wilt
Before sowing, the seeds were soaked with 0.2% 50% carbendazim WP for 1 h; in the early stage of verticillium wilt, 50% polysulfide suspension, 50% carbendazim WP 500 times, roots per plant Fill the solution with 500 mL.
3.2 螨 class
Spraying 1.8% Nongke emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times solution and 2.5% bifenthrin microemulsion 3,000 times solution for prevention and treatment.
3.3 Locust
In the initial stage, spray 50% anti-Converse WP 3 000 times solution and 10% imidacloprid WP 3 000 times solution.
In addition, the plants after pests and diseases are sprayed with 0.5% urea + 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate in time to increase the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves, increase the accumulation of photosynthetic products, and increase the fruit setting rate.
The above is the main reason for the falling and falling of the eggplant and its prevention and control measures. If the eggplant grown in your home also has this problem, then come to Huinong.com to learn related skills!
Natural Health Products with 0 Added Functional Food-grade Extracts are a type of functional food that contains Lotus Leaf Extract and Weight Plant Extract. These extracts are carefully selected for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which can help to improve immune system function and promote metabolism.
Functional extracts are a natural and safe way to enhance the nutritional value of food without adding any chemicals. They are made from high-quality plant materials and are processed using advanced extraction techniques to ensure maximum potency and purity.
Lotus Leaf Extract is known for its ability to regulate blood sugar levels and promote weight loss, while Weight Plant Extract is rich in antioxidants and can help to reduce inflammation in the body.
functional food,Lotus Leaf Extract,Weight Plant Extract
Fufeng Sinuote Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. , https://www.sntbiology.com