Onion can be divided into red onion, yellow onion and white onion according to the skin color classification. The bright sword onion is a very early ripe yellow onion variety. This onion is resistant to storage and transportation and has good quality. It is suitable for high-end vegetable export. The high-yield cultivation techniques of Liangjian Onion are now shared as follows:
First, choose the sowing date, sowing at the right time
Liangjian Onion is a very early-maturing yellow-skin onion variety. The bulbs are evenly rounded, the skin color is bright, the single ball weighs 200-500 grams, the commodity is good, and the inverted seedlings are neat. It is the best export-oriented onion variety of Yuanmou. Onions are prone to tillering and bolting when there is too much nitrogen fertilizer and continuous low temperature. In the planting period of Yuanmou, it is generally selected from September 15th to October 15th.
Second, cultivate strong seedlings, transplanting at the appropriate age
1. Preparation of seedbed: Select loose soil and breathable sandy loam as seedbed, and deepen the drying of the seedbed in about 20 days in advance. Each package of seeds (20,000 tablets) requires 18-20 square meters of seedbed and 2kg of compound fertilizer. 2kg of urea, deep and evenly smashed, and used insecticide and carbendazim to kill and disinfect the seedbed soil. Note: The seedbed requires fine soil compaction and smooth surface.
2. Sowing: Spread the seeds evenly on the surface of the clams and cover them evenly with a fine sand mixed substrate to ensure that the cover thickness is not less than 1 cm. To keep water, moisturize and prevent sun exposure, it can be covered with straw or shade net (small arch shed).
3, water and fertilizer management: must be watered after sowing (water can be discharged). Watering can be done every day at around 11 am, and about 5 days after sowing. After the seedlings are released, they are applied with 1500 times of balanced water-soluble fertilizer every 3 to 4 days (the first time is about 300g, and then gradually increased). Apply about 1000 times with high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer in 1000 days (or use roots of Kexinxin + Maishuping 800 times solution) to ensure that the roots are strong.
4. Pest control: After removing the covering, spray the carbendazim 2000 times solution + chlorothalonil + 72% agricultural streptomycin soluble powder in time, and spray once every 6-7 days.
5. Control the seedling age and transplant in time: The seedlings grow to about 40 days (three leaves and one heart), and transplant the fields in time.
Third, strengthen field management, proper water control, fertilizer control
1. Reasonable close planting to increase production:
Option 1: 1.2 m open, 5 plants in a row, row spacing 15-18 cm, about 1400-16000 plants per mu (normal water irrigation).
Option 2: In order to improve the yield and quality of onion products, it is recommended to use drip irrigation, 1.2 m open shovel, pull 3 drip irrigation belts, 6 plants in a row, row spacing 15-18 cm, and about 18,000-20000 seedlings per mu.
2, weeding film: 10 days after the onion is planted, weeds grow (2 - 3 cm), with grass can be (high-efficiency flupirtine) 1000 times liquid + cutting grass (23.5% oxyfluoride) Grass ether) 1500 times solution for spraying and weeding; spray again once every 10 days or so, and cover with a two-color silver film in time, and rupture the film to remove the onion seedlings in time (generally choose to dry after onion leaves after 11 noon on sunny days) get on).
3. Daejeon Fertilizer Management
According to the characteristics of bright sword onion, early roots, weak roots and red onion, and slow growth in the early stage, in the management of fertilizer and water, attention should be paid to roots and seedlings in the seedling stage, and the water sees dry and wet (small waters are poured) to ensure the plants are robust. Growth; when the plant grows to 9-11 leaves and the stem is 1.5-2 cm thick, it is necessary to pay attention to water control and fertilizer control as appropriate, to promote the onion to make the head, reduce the onion tillering and increase the quality of onion products; The onion stems begin to soften. When the bulbs are egg-sized and rapidly inflated, pay attention to the use of high-potassium fertilizer to improve the onion quality and increase the yield.
(1) Deeply turn over the land and re-apply the base fertilizer: 1500-2000kg of farmyard manure, 100kg of compound fertilizer, 30kg of urea and 100kg of calcium.
(2), rooting and seedling fertilizer: 7 days after transplanting, about 1 kg per kilogram of root can be used + urea 10-15 kg or high-phosphorus water soluble fertilizer 5 kg, alternating application.
(3), fruit fertilizer: When the onion grows to 9-12 leaves, the vegetative growth transitions to reproductive growth, the onion begins to sit, the demand for water and fertilizer increases, and attention should be paid to supplementing potassium fertilizer and strengthening fertilizer and water management. When the onion bulb grows to 2-3 cm (egg size), use 1 kg of onion and 1 kg of high-potassium water soluble fertilizer or 5 kg of expanded fruit and 10 kg of high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer per acre, once every 7-10 days, share 2 --3 times.
4, onion common pest control:
Seriously doing the prevention and control of onion pests and diseases is an important part of planting onions to obtain high yield, stable yield and increase the value of onion commodities. In the early stage of onion growth, spray-prevention can be carried out with broad-spectrum fungicides such as carbendazim, chlorothalonil, methyl thiophanate, and mancozeb. In the middle and late stages of onion growth, as the leaves increase and age, the disease resistance is weakened. It is very easy to infect diseases in the environment of heavy fog, large dew and high temperature. It is a key period for the prevention and control of onion pests and diseases. Pay attention to spraying in time:
(1) Downy mildew, epidemic disease: 1000 times of chlorpyrifos; 50% enoylmorpholine; 20% sulphuric acid cyanide soluble powder 8000-1000 times solution; 80% enoylmorpholine soluble powder 600-800 times solution.
(2) Purple spot disease: 75% props zinc wettable powder 600-800 times liquid; 2% spring thunder • 45% king copper wettable powder 800-1000 times liquid; 10% difenoconazole wettable powder 1000 times liquid ; 1.8% octamycin water dispersible granules 700 times solution.
(3) Botrytis cinerea: 0.3% eugenol soluble powder 1000-1500 times solution; 80% pyrimethanil soluble powder 800-1000 times solution.
(4) Green onion, thrips: 10-15 days after transplanting onion, using phoxim to drip roots to control onion; in the evening, use 1.5% imidacloprid WP 700 times solution, 10% acetamiprid wettability Powder 1000 times liquid spray control.
Fourth, timely harvest
When the onion bulb grows to about 10-13 cm (the onion ball is long and firm, mature), the upper leaves begin to yellow and the stems fall down, and they can be harvested and marketed according to market conditions.
Bright sword onion is rich in nutrients, rich in protein, fat, vitamins and trace elements. It can also be sterilized against colds, promotes gastrointestinal motility and helps digestion, so it is loved by people.
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