The cause of childhood acute leukemia (ALL) has been discussed for a long time, and Mel Greaves, a biologist at the London Cancer Institute (ICR), has gathered evidence from decades of relevant research and pointed out that the cancer is likely to be Genetic mutations are closely related to childhood infections.
Greaves is an internationally renowned cancer biologist, especially known for his research on the evolution of childhood leukemia and cancer. He has received the Royal Medal from the Royal Society in the past, and Chris Bunce, a professor of translational cancer at the University of Birmingham, described Greaves. It is a superstar in the modern cancer biology community.
In the case of Greaves, measures that protect children from infection are perhaps one of the causes of the most common cancer in children.
The Guardian reported that in the 1950s and 1960s, suffering from ALL was quite fatal, and in today's society, nearly 90% of children can be cured - but the treatment is long and toxic and may have long-term consequences.
Greaves believes that there are three reasons for suffering from ALL. Some children have related mutations at birth. Although these children have the potential risk of disease, at this stage, as long as their immune system develops normally, they can escape this potential crisis. .
In order for the immune system to develop normally, children must be exposed to the early challenges of benign bacteria or viruses in the first year of life. Those who live in an overly clean and sterile environment that make the immune system unable to function fully will encounter a cold later. In the case of diseases such as flu, a second genetic mutation may occur, making it susceptible to cancer.
Greaves points out that the number of patients with ALL continues to grow at a rate of about 1% per year, and unlike most diseases, the growth of ALL is more common in people living in affluent life. This phenomenon is related to type 1 diabetes, Hodgkin. The situation of Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple sclerosis (MS) and allergy is very similar.
ALL Leukemia is rare in poor countries. (Source:pixabay)
In the poorest countries, families usually have many children, and cross-contamination of the disease is common, but the proportion of local ALL is low or even non-existent – ​​only Costa Rica is an exception, they are in the medical system. Investing heavily and reducing the average number of children in the family from 7.2 to 2.3, and like those advanced countries, Costa Rica now has many Hodgkin's lymphomas and type 1 diabetes. Or ALL patients.
Greaves therefore concludes that this phenomenon must be related to certain aspects of the modern lifestyle. Infectious diseases will follow poverty. The problem is not the infection, the problem is the lack of infection.
Greaves publishes the evidence in his own research with colleagues in various fields around the world, and publishes a paper in the journal Nature Reviews Cancer, which also includes an experiment in mice; In the experiment, the mouse was first modified by the gene to carry the first gene mutation, and then the researchers made it live under net sterility, and then developed cancer after transferring to a dirty environment.
Even with such inferences, Greaves and other scientists must emphasize that no parent should feel responsible for the child's cancer at all, because it is normal to keep the baby away from any source of infection. Greaves hopes that through this research, it will promote the development of vaccines or drugs to prevent childhood leukemia.
(Source: Technews Technology News First Photo: pixabay)
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