I. Symptoms of cucumber sclerotinia: The weight of a cucumber in a plastic shed is heavy and can be infested from the seedling stage to the adult plant stage. The main damage to fruits and vines. Most of the fruits were found in the streaks, and they were rotted and rotted first, and white mycelium grew. The hyphae became entangled in black sclerotia. Petioles, leaves, and young fruits became immersed in water at the beginning of the disease and rapidly rotted, and a large number of white mycelium grew. Generally long in the corrupt stem base, or rotten leaves, petiole, melon strips and other organizations, the stem epidermis longitudinal crack, but the xylem is not corrupt, so the plant does not show wilting, diseased parts of the leaves, withered withering.
Control methods:
(1) Disinfection of seeds and soil. Before the planting, 40% pentachloronitrobenzene was used as the soil to make up soil, and 1 kg of mu was used to mix 20 kg of fine soil. Seeds were soaked in warm water at 50°C for 10 minutes to kill sclerotia.
(2) Ecological control. In the morning, the greenhouse is mainly warmed up in the boring room. In the afternoon, the room is vented in a timely manner. After the onset of illness, the night temperature can be appropriately increased to reduce condensation. The average temperature in early spring is controlled at 29°C or 31°C, and the relative humidity is lower than 65%. Onset, to prevent excessive watering, soil moisture, prolong the watering interval.
(3) When a cotyledon disk occurs in a greenhouse or open field, smoke or spray is used to prevent and cure. With 10% fast-king smoke agent or 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent, 250 grams per acre, smoked 1 night, every 8 to 10 days 1 time, alternately or alternately with other methods to control 3 to 4 times; Received "Flower and Fruit Nurse" 1500 times liquid plus 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 1000 times spray at full flowering period, 60 liters per acre good liquid spray, every 8 to 9 days 1 time, continuous control 3 ~ 4 times.
Two symptoms of cucumber rickets: mainly damage the stem base or fruit near the ground. Stem infected, dark brown in the beginning, which grows white silky mycelium, mostly radial, with obvious edges. The late disease department gave birth to many dark brown, radish seed-like small sclerotia. When the humidity is high, the mycelium spreads around the roots, or near the surface of the fruit, and produces sclerotia. After the basal plant decays, the stems and leaves of the shoots are wilted or dead.
Control methods:
(1) The application of slaked lime 100-150 kilograms to adjust the soil pH, adjusted to the neutral is appropriate, or a large number of fully decomposed organic fertilizer.
(2) The diseased plants were found to be removed promptly and destroyed centrally.
(3) Apply 40% pentachloronitrobenzene, 15% triadimefon (triadimefon) wettable powder, or 50% methyltrixphos (Liacella) wettable powder 1 at the beginning of onset, and reduce the soil to 100% 200 pieces were sprinkled on the rhizomes of the diseased part. The control effect was obvious. If necessary, it could also be sprayed with “Flowers and Fruits Nurse†1500 times liquid plus 20% methyl-rhodamine EC 1000 times every 7-10 days. , Prevention 1 or 2 times.
(4) Use of Trichoderma to control blight. With fine cultured Trichoderma 0.4 ~ 0.45 kg plus 50 kg of fine soil, mixed and spread to the base of diseased plants, 1 kg per mu, can effectively control the disease development.
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