Pepper and Xinyi and Ginger are also known as the three traditional Chinese spicy spices. They can be used for cooking and spleen, and they also have the effect of spleen and spleen. It has been loved by people since ancient times. The sexually-producing prickly ash seedlings have poor resistance to stress, difficult to control pests and diseases, and poor seedling quality, which makes the pepper yield very low. In addition, the dense thorns on the pepper are not conducive to daily management and harvesting, so it is necessary to invest more labor costs, so it is particularly important to cultivate less stab or stab-free pepper.
So how do you cultivate less stab or stabless pepper?
1. Collect the wild pepper seed or the red pepper seed of the wild pepper, and after the wax removal, broadcast the seedling in the loose soil with the temperature of 15-20 ° C and the humidity of 80-85% in the autumn;
2. When the seedlings grow to a height of 10cm, according to the row spacing of 10×10cm, they are transferred to the fertile soil in spring to grow the rootstock of the rootstock with a diameter of 0.4cm;
3, take the pest-free, healthy fine green pepper as the father of the scion, and the rootstock of the rootstock is 5cm away from the ground;
4. After the seedling height in step 3 is up to 30cm, it can be planted and planted, and transplanted in the early summer or late autumn season and cultivated into trees.
According to the steps of Example 1 above, the grafted pepper is grown into a tree and then grafted as the male parent of the earing. The cutting method is adopted between 20-30 °C in the spring and autumn, and the tree grown in step 4 is grafted as the male parent. The rootstock of the rootstock is 5-10cm away from the ground. When the seedling height is 30-50cm, it can be transplanted. In the early summer or late autumn, the planting and planting is carried out, and the second generation breeding and breeding father is obtained. The second generation breeding and breeding fathers are grafted again according to the above method, and then the third generation of breeding and breeding fathers. After the asexual reproduction and improvement, more than three times the planting ears on the tree are grafted again as the male parent, and then they can be cultivated into a thornless Or less prickly pepper.
The strong resistance of the Rutaceae wild pepper, commonly known as the stinky pepper, the water pepper or the dog's pepper, is used as the rootstock of the rootstock, taking the high-quality local green pepper plantings as the male parent, using the asexual reproduction technique for at least three generations of the breeding strain. Spikes, at least 3 years old, are a generation of trees. The quality of panicles of underage and immature pepper trees is unstable and susceptible to variation.
The advantages of the prickly ash cultivated by the asexual propagation method of thornless prickly ash are many, such as the strong tree, and the ripened fruit is full. The germination of the prickly ash tree is strong, so the amount of young leaves is large, which is conducive to the early accumulation of flowers. It can be cultivated in the vast areas of the Yangtze River and the north and south, especially in the areas below 1400 meters above sea level on the banks of the Jinsha River Valley. It is suitable for temperature adaptation between 1 °C and 40 °C. It is best to use sand cultivation. The inside and outside of the canopy can be the result, the three-dimensional structure is strong and the fruit rate is high. The second year of planting can be fruit-tested, and it will grow to the fifth year and enter the high-yield period.
After three generations of improvement of the pepper cultivated by the above method, the whole plant of the pepper is thornless or less thorny, the number of thorns is reduced by 70%-95%, and the volume of remaining thorns is reduced by 60%-95%, which can improve labor. The efficiency is 40%-60%. Because the female parent belongs to the wild rootstock, the root system is more developed and grows faster, the growth and reproductive function is much better than the real pepper, and the survival rate of transplanting and planting is high. Through the same plot experiment, the third-age local pepper and the first-age wild pepper tree eucalyptus The growth is basically the same. The father is an excellent local green pepper with fruit branches. In the second year of planting, that is, the first-aged pepper can be fruit-produced, and the tree grows up and grows. After that, it grows year by year, and enters the high-yield period in the third year. It is fruited at least two years earlier than the raw pepper, and enters the prolific period two years in advance, and can maintain the original quality of the father. The fruit is no different from the father, with strong numbness and high aromatic oil content. In 2009, the quality of the peel was tested. The content of the main components, such as volatile oil and hemp, is higher than the national series of special standards, of which the volatile oil content is 7.7%, the series special standard is 5.0%, which is 2.7 percentage points higher; the numbing content is 15.4%, the series special standard It is 15% higher than 0.4%, which is 0.3% higher than the local real pepper. The results of the test prove that the grafting improvement has not changed the quality of the green pepper, and its numbness is more intense.
The results can be obtained in all parts of the canopy inside and outside, the stereo structure is strong, the fruiting rate is high, the result rate is strong, and the spikes and grains are more productive. The normal yield per plant was determined. The third, fourth and fifth-grade peppers produced 18.4 jin, 31.8 jin, 36.5 jin, respectively, and the local saplings were better managed. Only when the flowers are tested, the five-year-old tree produces 15-20 kg of fresh peppers. The grafted peppers are more premature than the raw peppers, and the yield is obviously increased, which is about 50% higher than that of ordinary seedlings of the same age.
Although the cultivation of grafted peppers and pepper seedlings is complicated, and the cost of seedlings is relatively large, it has completely solved the problem of repeated purchase of seedlings, planting, fertilizing, management, etc., reducing pest control, improving harvesting efficiency, reducing capital and labor. Input, low cost of time, but high yield and high returns.
Zhejiang Industrial Group Co., Ltd. , https://www.xingyeseafood.com