Release date: 2016-10-20
VR helmets have gradually entered our lives, making the experience of watching movies and playing games more realistic, and even have begun to try medical applications.
However, according to previous reports, most of VR medical care still stays at the level of mental and psychological diseases, creating a virtual environment for patients, but is VR medical only satisfied with this?
Oculus application helps researchers find out how DNA mutates
Researchers at the Wellcome Medical Center in New York City have begun using VR technology to better understand the state of cancer gene mutations. They developed a new program for the Oculus helmet that allows users to see and interact with 3D models of microscopic proteins.
The project, called "IPM VR," means "Precision Medicine VR Institute," designed to make it easier for researchers to determine where mutations in the patient's DNA have occurred and how mutations have occurred, leading to cancer, their goals. It is to help doctors across the country better understand mutations and quickly find the best treatment to attack the disease.
From a medical point of view, everyone has some DNA mutations. Some are genetic, others are environmental factors such as smoking or sun exposure, while others are new forms of cells that form spontaneously. Most of them are benign, but the wrong combination of mutations can sometimes lead to uncontrolled cell growth in a particular organ or region, ultimately inhibiting the body's normal function, which is cancer.
By observing the molecular building blocks of proteins, the genetic instructions in our DNA, you can see which mutations are harmful. Olivier Ellimont, the founder of the technology, said: "The mutations at the DNA level have little effect. Only when the genes are transcribed to form proteins, these mutations will only have problems when they begin to express themselves."
The structure of a protein is three-dimensional, but usually it is printed on paper. If the clinician does not see the 3D protein model, they cannot fully understand the effects of the mutation. It is in this context that scientists at the Cornell Center developed IPM VR, providing researchers and clinicians with an immersive approach to examining patients' unique genetic mutations.
The Oculus helmet is equipped with a motion sensor that detects which direction you are looking at. IPM VR also uses some external cameras (not in the helmet) to further track your body and hand movements.
After the researchers sequence all the genes in the patient's tumor, the software projects all the mutations onto a specific protein model. Researchers can download digital archives of 3D protein shapes from protein databases.
After the clinician wears the VR helmet, he can change the view and choose whether to view only the mutation hotspots or just a mutation. They can move the simulated protein by hand and arm posture. If you want to see more information, the clinician can extract a two-dimensional "document" about the patient from the electronic medical record - a report about the type of cancer or a patient's medical history.
VR tour in cancer cells to help doctors design better chemotherapy drugs
Dr. McGee is the head of the 3D Visual Aesthetics Laboratory at the School of Art and Design at the University of New South Wales. Based on real-time high-resolution scan data of breast cancer cells, he used the technology of the game industry to build this virtual world. The scanned data came from the University of Queensland, where McGee built them into 3D models, and the lab's designers added color, lighting, textures and animations.
“It provides a VR world that lets you completely immerse yourself in the structure of the cell,†he said. This is the first time someone has used real data to develop such an interactive VR model. Put on the VR helmet, headphones, and hold the controller in your hand, you seem to shrink into a small person with a height of only 40 nanometers, you can walk on the surface of the cell.
By pressing a switch, you are "tipped" to the surface of the cell, witnessing a cell membrane hole event - the cell wall opens to absorb the nanoparticles. Press another switch, you open a virtual door, pass through it, you enter the inside of the cell, and then you can also bury the head in the mitochondria and nucleus.
The shape, size and chemical nature of chemotherapeutic drugs are very important when designing new cancer treatment options. Dr. McGee's research looks at how the drug penetrates the cell wall and how it enters the endosome of the cell before it releases the chemical.
One way drugs enter cells is through the cell wall. However, in this way, it is impossible to target the chemical substance to the endosome. “Visualizing this process is very helpful in designing future drugs,†he said.
Carrapello is a researcher and team leader at the Targeted Cancer Therapy Laboratory at the University of Wollongong, Australia. She did not participate in the design of this technology. “It sounds like a great tool for drug therapy design,†Dr. Perrault said. "In the design of targeted nanotherapies, it is extremely important to see patterns of entry into cells. Size has a significant impact on the mechanism of drug uptake.
Dr. McGee said that with this model, when some chemical absorption processes are not clear, a statement can be made that the process is not accurate. "Being able to see the interaction of drugs at this level means that we will get a better understanding. The next step is to apply the exercise data to the model so that you can experience the dynamics of the cells," he said.
Can VR change the rules of the game in the medical field?
As can be seen from the above case, the current application of VR in the treatment of cancer is mainly focused on the observation of cell cancer. "The purpose of using Oculus is not to replace the computer, but to get some information that you can't get in other ways," Olivier said.
His goal is to allow clinicians to quickly and intuitively understand complex information about genetic mutations and protein shapes without having to learn to use another software on a computer. In addition, this technology allows clinicians to collaborate more seamlessly – as long as they wear their own VR helmets, experts from different disciplines can see the same information and easily discuss a specific case.
Ideally, Olivier Allimony wants the software to contain all of the patient's information, which clinicians can easily analyze without being disturbed as if they were on a computer. This is especially important for precision medicine, which requires a lot of genetic and health data, and doctors may be confused by the data when they are looking for the best treatment for their patients.
Ellimont's primary concern is to provide clinicians with more information faster and more intuitively. "The real question is: How do you get clinicians to work more productively?" said Seagrass. "We hope that clinicians can browse a lot of information faster." He said that fighting cancer is often a race against time. If a VR tool can give doctors a faster way to find a suitable treatment, they will bring the patient Come a lot of benefits.
Source: Tencent Technology
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