How to manage garlic planting technology to make garlic produce more money? The optimum period for planting garlic is to grow the plants to 5-6 leaves before wintering. At this time, the plants have the strongest cold resistance, and they are not frozen to death in the cold winter, and lay a good foundation for the plants to pass vernalization smoothly. Garlic is like wet and fertile and cold-tolerant, and the loamy soil and sandy loam soil with deep soil layer, loose structure and good drainage are most suitable for planting. The main roots of garlic are concentrated in the soil layer of 5 to 25 cm. It is not suitable for continuous cropping, and can be rotated with corn and rice.
Fertilizer rule
Autumn sowing garlic has a long growth period, generally 240 to 260 days. After the differentiation of buds and flower buds, it is the peak period of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient uptake in garlic. In this period, the leaves are flourishing, the growth of the moss head is fast, the yield is high, and the fertilizer needs a large amount of water. Through experiments, each production of 100 kg of garlic needs to absorb 1.42 kg of nitrogen, 0.44 kg of phosphorus, and 0.99 kg of potassium. The amount and proportion of nitrogen, potassium and potassium nutrients absorbed in different growth stages are also very different.
Fertilization technology
Scientific and rational fertilization should be carried out according to the soil fertility and the demand of different growth stages of garlic. Grasping the principle of fertilization of “before, light, medium and heavy, then supplementingâ€, it is necessary to prevent the excessive prosperous period in the early stage, and to avoid the early defermentation and premature aging.
The planting of garlic blocks requires deep cultivation and fine soil, which enhances the permeability of the soil, is conducive to the transformation of soil microbes and soil nutrients, improves the storage capacity of the soil, and is conducive to the development of roots and bulb expansion. It is necessary to plough and plough after the harvest of the upper crops, and the depth of cultivation is 20 to 25 cm.
Because it is covered with mulch film, it should not be topdressed during the growth of garlic. Therefore, before planting, it should be combined with the whole site to apply the base fertilizer once, and apply 2500-3000 kg of farmyard manure per mu, 40-75 kg of chlorine-based compound fertilizer, ferrous sulfate. , manganese sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate each 1.5 to 2 kg.
Heavy application of joint fertilizer. Garlic is different from other crops. When the climate is normal, the garlic in the greening period is generally not managed in the field to avoid the occurrence of bacterial soft rot caused by the sudden drop of ground temperature caused by watering too much, so that the growth of garlic It is affected, so the first top dressing should be carried out at the jointing stage, and the nitro compound fertilizer can be 20 to 25 kg per mu. After the interval of 15 to 20 days, the second fertilizer will be pursued, and the application amount per mu will be about 20 kg.
Skillfully applied to differentiate the pumping fertilizer. When garlic enters the stage of differentiation and twitching, vegetative growth and reproductive growth are carried out simultaneously, and the demand for phosphorus is strong. It is also the most critical top dressing in garlic. It must wait until the garlic stalks (now tail) are chasing high-phosphorus high-potassium compound fertilizer 15~ 20 kg, first melted and then applied.
Top dressing. Medium and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, etc. are all necessary for the growth and development of garlic. They can be supplemented by foliar spray fertilizer, or combined with pest control, but It is necessary to pay attention to the similar properties of medicines and fertilizers. Spraying time: It should be done before 11:00 am or after 4 pm on sunny days.
Type of spray fertilizer: use 2 kg of ordinary calcium or 1 kg of sulfur-based compound fertilizer, soak for 50 hours with 50 kg of water, and spray 1 c of its clear liquid. It is also possible to use a potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2% to 0.4% solution and a 0.15% manganese sulfate, 0.5% borax, 0.2% zinc sulfate, and 0.15% copper sulfate solution. In the middle and late stages of garlic growth, according to the growth and appearance, 1 to 2 foliar sprays can be carried out, once every 7 to 10 days. (Majizhong)
1 The optimum period for sowing garlic in time is to make the plants grow to 5-6 leaves before wintering. At this time, the plant has the strongest cold resistance, and it will not be frozen to death in the cold winter, and lay a good foundation for the plant to pass the vernalization smoothly. . The Yangtze River Basin and its south areas are generally planted in the middle and late September.
The weather in the Yangtze River Basin was cool in September and was suitable for the emergence and growth of garlic seedlings. If the seeding is too early, the seedlings grow too much before wintering and consume nutrients, then reduce the wintering ability, and may also be vernalized to cause secondary growth. In the second year, the complex garlic is formed to reduce the quality of garlic. When the seeding is too late, the seedlings are small, the tissue is tender, the roots are weak, the accumulated nutrients are less, the cold resistance is lower, and more deaths occur during the winter. Therefore, garlic must strictly control the sowing date.
2 Reasonable dense planting is the basis for increasing production. The yield of garlic and garlic is composed of the number of plants per acre, the number of garlic per plant, the weight of the stalk, and the weight of the stalk. Appropriate close planting should be done according to the characteristics of the variety, so that there are more plants per acre.
Early-maturing varieties generally have shorter plants, fewer leaves, shorter growth period, and correspondingly larger density. It is better to plant about 50,000 plants per mu, with a row spacing of 14 to 17 cm, a plant spacing of 7 to 8 cm, and a variety of 150 species. ~200 kg. The mid-late maturing varieties have long growth period, tall plants, more leaves, and correspondingly smaller densities, so that the group structure is reasonable to make full use of light energy. Density should be mastered in 40 acres of acres of planting, row spacing 16 ~ 18 cm, plant spacing of about 10 cm, about 150 kg of acres.
3 Seeding method “Deep planting onion and shallow garlic†is the experience gained by farmers for many years. Garlic sowing is generally suitable for a depth of 3 to 4 cm. There are two ways to sow garlic:
One is to insert seeds, insert the seed petals into the soil, cover the soil after sowing, and be practical;
The second is to ditch the seeding, that is, to open a shallow ditch with a steamed bun, and to plant the seed petals in the soil. After opening a ditch, the soil that was simultaneously opened over the previous row of petals. After sowing, the thickness of the soil is about 2 cm, and the feet are lightly soiled and watered.
To prevent drought, cover the soil with two layers of straw or other moisturizing material. Planting should not be too deep, too late, the emergence of seedlings late, the pseudo stem is too long, the roots are more absorbent, the growth is too strong, the formation of garlic is difficult to expand by soil extrusion; but the planting should not be too shallow, too shallow, easy to "jump" when emergence "The roots of the seedlings are prone to lack of water, the roots are poorly developed, and they are susceptible to freezing deaths during winter.
Field management
1 Although there is a kind of petal nutrition in the growth period of the garlic seedlings, in order to promote the growth of the seedlings and increase the nutrient area of ​​the plants, the fertilizer should be applied at a proper time. Because the garlic roots have weak ability to absorb water and fertilizer, the topdressing fertilizer should be applied with quick-acting fertilizer to avoid yellowing of the tip of the leaf.
Garlic topdressing is generally 3 to 4 times, divided into: stimulating seedlings: after the garlic is out of the seedlings, apply 1 light manure and urine to raise seedlings, avoid applying ammonium bicarbonate to prevent burns of seedlings. Sheng Changfei: After sowing for 60 to 80 days, re-apply 1 time of decomposing human and animal fertilizer plus chemical fertilizer, 20 to 30 liters per mu, 10 kg of ammonium sulfate, 5 kg of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride. Early-maturing varieties are chased early, and late-maturing varieties are lately chased, which promotes the growth of young seedlings, thick stems and leaves, and less yellow tips or yellow tips when rotten mothers.
Pregnancy and fat: After planting the garlic, the flower buds and buds gradually differentiate into the flower stem elongation period. In this period, the old roots are aging, and new roots occur in large numbers. At the same time, the stems and leaves and garlic stalks also rapidly elongate, and the garlic begins to slowly expand. Therefore, it needs more nutrients. It should be reapplied with quick-acting potassium and nitrogen fertilizer (more suitable compound fertilizer) 10-15 kg.
It is applied in the first half of the month before the end of the tail (the short stalks in the lower part of the pseudo-stem can be observed in the peeling seedlings) to meet the needs, and the garlic stalks are quickly and vigorously grown. The garlic is swollen and fat: early maturing and early-maturing varieties, the temperature is not high when the garlic is inflated; the garlic expansion period is correspondingly longer. In order to promote the garlic head hypertrophy, it is necessary to apply the quick-acting nitrogen and potassium fertilizer before harvesting the garlic.
Such as: nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer application 5 ~ 10 kg, if the application of urea, 5 kg or so can not be applied too much, otherwise it will cause the formed garlic cloves to return to green, and re-long leaves and consume the garlic clove nutrients . Topdressing should be carried out before harvesting garlic. When the garlic is harvested, it has rich nutrients to promote the expansion of the garlic.
If topdressing is carried out after harvesting garlic, it will easily lead to reduced production of greed. If the field is fatter and the garlic leaves are thicker, the fertilizer may not be applied. Due to the late twitching, the medium- and late-maturing varieties have a higher temperature. After harvesting, the garlic is usually collected for about 20 to 25 days, so it is also possible to avoid the swelling of the fat.
2 water management Qi seedling period: generally seeding 1 week, Qi Miao. After chasing Qi Miaofei, if the soil is dry, it can be irrigated once to promote seedling growth. Pre-seedling stage: Seedling stage is a key period for the differentiation and formation of garlic vegetative organs.
After the garlic seedlings enter the seedlings in the early stage of growth, due to the irrigation of the seedlings once, and this period of the Yangtze River basin is also a period of more autumn rain, it is necessary to control the irrigation, and pay attention to the drainage work in the field after the autumn rain. In the middle and late stages of seedlings: it is marked by the end of wintering and the end of withdrawal. This stage is longer, and it is also an important period for the growth of garlic. Rainfall has been significantly reduced in many places before winter.
If the soil is dry, it should be watered once; after winter, the temperature will gradually rise, and the seedlings will begin to grow vigorously. Water should be poured in time to promote the growth of garlic leaves and thickening of pseudo stems. The twitching period: the leaves of garlic differentiation have all been exhibited, the leaf area has reached the peak, the root system has also expanded to the maximum extent, and the growth of garlic stalks is accelerated. This period is the period when the amount of fertilizer and water is the largest, and it should be timely watered after the recovery of cockroach Pumping water.
After the “now tailâ€, water should be continuously watered to promote the seedlings with water, and the water should be stopped 2 to 3 days before the harvest to facilitate storage and transportation. The period of expansion of the garlic: the garlic is immediately watered after harvesting to promote the rapid expansion and weight gain of the garlic. Before harvesting the garlic.
Stop watering for 5 days, control the growth, and promote the assimilation of the leaf parts to accelerate the transfer to the garlic. 3 cultivating and weeding. The herbicide can be sprayed before sowing to emergence. It is effective for controlling the crabgrass, gray ash, cockroach, and foxtail. 50% of the grass is used in 100-150 grams.
West Majin and Atrazine: 120 to 240 grams of medicine. Weeding pass: 35 to 6S grams of medicine. For garlic fields dominated by monocotyledonous weeds, 120-150 grams per acre is diluted with 5 to 7 days after sowing (before emergence) with 30-50 kg of water, and sprayed at night.
Garlic field dominated by dicotyledonous broadleaf grass, using 25% oxacillin 120-150 ml per acre, or 24 to 60 ml of 24% fruit, 7-10 days after sowing (before emergence) 40-60 Kilograms, spray at night. In the growing season of garlic seedlings, when the weeds are just sprouted, the weeds are removed, and the weeds are removed. The weeds that are difficult to cultivate between the plants should be removed early so as not to compete with the garlic.
Harvest
1 Harvesting garlic, garlic, and the leaf sheath, and when starting to bend, it is a suitable time to collect garlic. Harvesting garlic will have a great impact on the yield and quality of garlic. Picking too early, the yield is not high, easy to break, the commodity is poor; although the harvest is too late, although it can increase the yield, it consumes too much nutrients, affecting the growth and development of the garlic; and the garlic aging tissue is aging, the fiber is increased; especially the aging of the garlic basal tissue, Unbearable.
The harvesting of garlic stalks is best carried out at noon and noon on sunny days. At this time, the plants are somewhat wilted, the leaf sheaths and garlic stalks are easily separated, and the leaves are tough and not easily broken, which can reduce the wounded leaves. If the garlic is harvested after rain or rain, the plants are fully absorbent, and the garlic and the leaves are poorly tough and easily broken.
The method of picking should be determined according to the specific situation. The main purpose of harvesting garlic stalks is as follows: for the high-yield, the garlic leaves are tight, in order to obtain high yield, the pseudo-stalk can be cut open or needled. The garlic stalk has high yield and excellent quality, but after the pseudo-stem is cut, the plant is easy to die, the garlic The yield is low and easy to disperse.
For the main purpose of harvesting garlic, such as Cangshan garlic should try to keep the fake stem intact and promote the growth of garlic. When picking, the left hand usually punctures the pseudo stem at the 3~4 leaves, and the right hand pulls out the garlic. Although the method has a slightly lower yield of garlic, the pseudo stem is lightly damaged, and the plant remains in an upright state, which is conducive to the expansion of the garlic.
2 After receiving the garlic and collecting the garlic, 15 to 20 days (mostly 18 days), you can collect the garlic. The sign of timely harvesting of garlic is that the leaves are mostly dry, the upper leaves are faded to gray-green, the tips of the leaves are drooping, the pseudo-stalks are in a soft state, and the garlic is basically grown.
The collection is too late, the garlic is tender and the water is too much, the organization is not full, not full, easy to dry after storage; the collection is too late, the garlic is easy to scatter, the garlic cloves are easy to scatter when the garlic is pulled, and the value of the commodity is lost. When collecting garlic, use it hard to dig and gently pull it out by hand. After the garlic is shipped to the field, the last row of garlic leaves are placed on the head of the front row, only drying, not drying the head, preventing the garlic from burning or turning green. After 2 to 3 days of frequent flipping, the stems and leaves are dry and can be stored.
This article URL: How to manage garlic planting technology to make garlic produce more money
Disposable Wear is to use film of spun-bonded non-woven fabric sewn together, one-time use, protective clothing is much used in the isolation between the human and the environment, can cut off liquid penetration of pollutants, have protective effect on the human body, can also be used as insulating clothing or isolation gown. With the development of the society, the purpose of the protective clothing is more and more widely, such as clean clean up, infectious diseases epidemic area of disinfection and isolation work, doctor daily protection, farm daily epidemic prevention and so on, the protective clothing can effectively prevent viruses and bacteria invasion or infection for staff.
Disposable Wear ,Waterproof Disposable Coverall,Pp Disposable Coverall,Disposable Labor Overall
Greateagle Safety Products Co., Ltd. , https://www.greateaglesafety.com