The growth rate of American red maple is closely related to such factors as temperature, light, soil properties, water and fertilizer management, and weed control. The current rapid cultivation techniques of American Red Maple are introduced as follows:
1. Spacing. In order to obtain sufficient light, reasonable thinning should be applied. According to the cultivation target and the size of the nursery, the corresponding plant spacing should be designed. The distance between the north and the south should be large and the illumination should be sufficient.
2. Land selection and planting. Select a well-drained plot with an acidic or neutral pH. Although the American Red Maple has better resistance to leeches, if the continuous immersion time exceeds 2 days, the photosynthesis of the leaves will be reduced by half, and the photosynthetic use will be reduced to 5% after 3 days, and the leaves will discolor and fall off. When planting should not be too deep, cover the root disc 5-8 cm is appropriate. One-year seedling transplanting with roots is preferred to ensure that the root disk is intact. For example, with the mud ball, the mud ball should be large enough. Otherwise, the root damage will be too large, and the long seedling period will be too long to adversely affect the growth. The roots of red maple have to be shallow, and the amount of roots within 30 cm of the surface accounts for 80% of the total root volume, and the amount of roots within 50 cm accounts for 95% of the total root volume. Therefore, it is also possible to plant red maple on land with less soil. Red maple has been planted for the period from deciduous to pre-emergence but is not suitable for planting during soil freezing.
3. Irrigation. The American Red Maple likes moist soils, especially during the growing season. It requires large amounts of water and it has to be irrigated frequently. Flood irrigation can also be used, but the flood irrigation time should not be too long, not overnight, each irrigation time is controlled at 30 minutes to 1 hour. Sprinkler irrigation can also be carried out in places where conditions permit. Each red maple improved variety has different water requirements and can be managed separately. From April to October, the soil can maintain a continuous moist state, the soil surface is not white but there is no water accumulation. Starting in November, the water content is reduced, and when the leaves change color, the soil remains dry.
4. Fertilization. Red maple has a suitable pH range of 6-7. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied early and fertilized before planting. The general fertilization uses potassium sulfate type balanced fertilizer, such as 15-15-15 45% sulfur-based compound fertilizer. The use of chlorine-containing compound fertilizers, on the one hand, is not conducive to the growth of crops, and on the other hand it can easily cause soil compaction. Daejeon planting seedlings, Mushi 15-15-15 45% sulfur-based compound fertilizer 85 kg. Fertilization time: the first time in late February to early March, the second time in late June.
5. Disease. Seedlings are prone to blight and damping-off. Control measures: 1 seed soaked with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times for water for 1 hour; 2 seedlings used substrate sprayed with 95% Greenhenge No. 1 3000 times sterilization; 3 early stage of damping off spraying 15% Mildew 450 times liquid; Blight spraying 20% ​​methyl-rhodamine emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times; Blasting and damping-off simultaneous spraying 72.2% Preclosure 800 times liquid plus 50% thiram WP 800 times liquid. Per square meter spray liquid 2-3 kg.
For the garden where the virus disease occurs, it is necessary to remove the diseased plants in time to avoid transmission; secondly, use the A800 liquid to spray the virus, and also use the bacteria to spray the poisonous g. The third is to manually remove the diseased leaves.
6. Pests. The heartworms, heart-shaped leafhoppers, aphids, cockroaches, maples, moths, caterpillars, and leafhoppers are the main pests of red maple, and they can be used by Lethbone, Enemy, Uranus, Carbaryl, Actech, Smecta and other prevention and treatment. Red maple and sugar maple are disabled on acephate. Marathon pesticides also cause mild injury to maple trees.
7. Weeding. Red Maple is sensitive to many herbicides, especially glyphosate, and should not be used blindly. It must first be conducted in small-scale tests to prevent the occurrence of phytotoxicity. Red maple damaged by glyphosate is susceptible to cracking in the barks two years later, with a five-year impact. Pre-emergent herbicides are more suitable: Dole, Jindur, Napropamide, Huangcaoxiao. It is advisable to use Jinduer once a year and apply it before the rain. Post-emergence herbicides should be selected from Gram-free, paraquat, and Gram-fast. These are contact-killing herbicides. Do not touch the bark, especially immature green or red-brown bark. Newly planted seedlings cannot use herbicides within two weeks of colonization. Glyphosate can only be used in perennial trees, but also to control the amount of good.
8. Trim. Red Maple does not require much trimming work, and it is necessary to keep the main trunk robust and the crown well-proportioned. If the trunk is damaged and shoots occur, it is necessary to extinguish the shoot. In addition, when the roots sprout new shoots, they must be extinguished in time.
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