1, the tractor's driving
The tractor can drive by the power of the internal combustion engine through the transmission system, so that the driving wheel obtains the driving torque Mk, and the driving wheel obtaining the driving torque then passes through the tire tread and the tire surface to give the floor a small, backward horizontal force (tangential force), and In the face of the same level and opposite direction of the driving force Pk, the Pk rice force is the driving motor maintenance (also known as feeding propulsion) to drive the tractor forward. When the driving force Pk is sufficient to overcome the forward rolling resistance of the front and rear wheel axles and the traction resistance of the farm implement, the tractor travels forward. If the drive wheel is off the ground, that is, the driving force Pk is equal to zero, the driving wheel can only idle in place, and the tractor cannot run; if the sum of the rolling resistance and the traction resistance of the electric furnace is greater than the driving force Pk, the tractor cannot drive. It can be seen that the driving of the wheeled tractor is realized by the interaction between the driving torque driving wheel and the ground, and the driving force is greater than the sum of the rolling resistance and the traction resistance. Below we analyze the main factors that affect the driving of the tractor.
2, the main factors affecting the driving of the tractor
(1) Rolling resistance The rolling resistance of tractors is mainly due to the deformation of power tool tires and soil. Under the weight of the tractor, the tires are flattened and the soil is compacted. During the rolling process, the parts of the tire that are in contact with the ground in the direction around the circumference of the tire are further crushed and deformed, and pushing the front of the wheel out of the soil to push down the soil to deform the soil and form a rim, which is an obstacle The rolling resistance of the wheel aluminum lid rolling forward. There are many factors affecting the rolling resistance, which are mainly related to factors such as the solidness of the ground and the magnitude of the vertical load on the degree of moisture. For the same tractor, if the ground conditions are different, the rolling resistance is also different. For example, if the rolling resistance is small on asphalt and cement or dry hard ground, the traction of the tractor will be large. If it is used under the same conditions, if it is added to the tire, The greater the weight, the greater the deformation of the soil in the vertical direction and the greater the rolling resistance. In general, reducing the deformation of the tire itself and the deformation of the soil in the vertical direction will help reduce the rolling resistance. If the tractor is running on a soft ground and low-pressure tires are used to increase the tire bearing area, the deformation of the soil scraping film in the vertical direction can be reduced, the rolling resistance can be reduced, and the traction can be improved. Since tractors are mainly used in field operations, they mostly drive on soft ground. To reduce the deformation of the soil in the vertical direction, the tractor uses the lowest pressure tires. The same applies to widening tires. In our business, we should pay attention to the difference in the use of low-pressure tires, widened tires and high-pressure tires.
(2) Traction resistance The traction resistance is the resistance to be overcome by the tractor driving the agricultural machinery to perform the operation. It is equal to the tractor's traction to the agricultural machinery through the connecting device. Since the traction force is equal to the drive minus the rolling resistance, increasing the driving force and reducing the rolling resistance of the electrodeless lamp is an effective measure to increase the traction.
(3) Driving force It is the horizontal reaction force of the road surface to the driving wheel. Therefore, the magnitude of the driving torque Mk that the internal combustion engine transmits to the driving wheels through the transmission system indicates that the driving force Pk of the tractor is also large. However, since Mk is determined by the power of the shot blasting internal combustion engine, Pk is also limited by the power of the internal combustion engine. At the same time, Pk is limited by soil conditions and cannot be increased indefinitely because when the soil's reaction force, that is, the driving force Pk, increases to a certain extent, the soil is destroyed, the drive wheel slips, and the driving force Pk can no longer increase. We call the maximum reaction force that the soil can produce on the drive wheels "adhesion." It can be seen that the maximum value of the driving force Pk is not only limited by the rate of the internal combustion engine, but also limited by the soil adhesion, and cannot increase the country indefinitely.
Adhesion reflects the ability to drive the soil and produce the greatest driving force. There are many factors that affect adhesion, mainly related to the conditions of the ground, tire pressure, size, pattern, and the size of the vertical load acting on the tire. For tractors, under certain soil conditions, the air pressure in the fume hood is reduced within a certain range, the bearing area of ​​the tire is increased, the ability of the wheel to grip the soil, and the weight of the wheel switch power supply housing are increased. In order to improve the tractor's adhesion, low-pressure tires are commonly used on tractors. Some tractor bearing heaters use widened tires and high-pattern tires and heavy-duty iron on tractor drive wheels to increase the tractor's adhesion. The tractor's ability to take traction. However, it should be pointed out that the addition of weight iron to the drive wheels can increase the adhesion, but at the same time the seismic pressure gauge also increases the deformation of the soil in the vertical direction, increasing the rolling resistance, so whether to add heavy iron, but also depending on the specific conditions of use, Trade off the total effect of trade-offs.
The maximum adhesion and resistance to skidding generated between the tractor drive wheel and the ground is called the attachment performance of the tractor crane pipe. If the adhesion performance is good and the slippage is light, the driving torque can be fully utilized, and the internal combustion engine capacity can also be fully utilized. The tractor appears to be active when working. If the adhesion performance is poor and the slippage is severe, the driving torque cannot be fully utilized, and the capacity of the internal combustion engine plate heat exchanger cannot be fully exerted, and the tractor appears to be incapable of exertion during work, or the tractor does not exert much effort. Severe skidding of the drive wheels will reduce the speed of the tractor, reduce production and economics, and at the same time accelerate the wear of the drive wheel tires. In addition, the structure of the soil will also be damaged.
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