Grape botrytis is a fungal disease and it is also one of the most important diseases that harm grapes. Due to different climatic conditions, the degree of disease varies from year to year.
Symptoms: The onset of flowering occurs mostly on flower buds and corollas and appears light brown. After flowering, the incidence is mostly in the rachis. When the disease is severe, the whole flower head or a part of the flower ear rots, and the farmers call it a "burnt flower ear." The affected part will dry off afterwards. Fruits that are infested during ripening turn brown and rot, and produce gray mold on the skin.
Characteristics of the disease? The disease is caused by conidia or sclerotium overwintering on diseased ear or diseased fruit. When the temperature is 15-20°C, it begins to spread. The first invasive period of open grapes was in the middle and early May. The average onset time is on the average 7-10 days before the grape is blooming, so some growers consider the occurrence of gray mold as the standard for calculating the flowering period. Gray mold occurs lightly before flowering, and sometimes it flashes. The incidence from the end of flowering to fruit drop is heavy. If the humidity in the greenhouse is high and the outside temperature is low (especially rainy days) during this period, the gray mold is the peak of infection, but it does not perform. After the weather is fine and the temperature rises, the symptoms appear quickly and it is difficult to control.
The humidity needed for the occurrence of gray mold is not very high. In some years, the flowering season does not rain, but it is sufficient if there is dew in the morning and at night. What is important is the difference in temperature, and the incidence of severe disease in the year of flowering temperature difference is heavy.
Control methods
1, comprehensive prevention and treatment. Controlling the nitrogen fertilizer control and preventing frame and canopy closure is the fundamental method to prevent the occurrence of this disease. Carefully and meticulously during the winter and spring and spring gardens, the sickness should be promptly cleaned up. Before the flowers are planted in the sheds, clear ploughing or mulching is used to reduce air humidity and soil moisture, and 5 Baume degrees lime sulfur is used before germination. Young fruit timely bagging.
2, drug control. 7-10 days before flowering and fruit drop and fruit drop are the best time to use medicine. 50% procymidone (sulfacin) 2000 times solution or 50% iprodione (promethine) 1500-2500 times solution or 50% nongrilling 500-600 times solution has good prevention and control effect. Ling, thiophanate-methyl, trimethoprim, polymyxin, etc. are also commonly used agents for the control of gray mold. In order to prevent bacteria from producing resistance, different types of fungicides should be used interchangeably.
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