In recent years, sea cucumber aquaculture has developed rapidly in China's coastal areas, and the aquaculture area has been expanding year by year. The market for seed stocks is in short supply, and this has brought huge business opportunities to seed production enterprises. However, many nursery companies are affected by copepods and other diseases during the production of sea cucumber seedlings and seedlings. The output is not stable, and some of them even cause seedlings and seedlings to fail. The hazards of copepods in the process of nursery seedling cultivation and seedling protection and their prevention and control measures are summarized below for your reference.
First, the reasons for a large number of copepods 1. Do not pay attention to the treatment of nursery water. Because the speed of filtering water in the sand filter and the amount of water filtered are not matched with the water for nursery, some nursery units intentionally reduce the height of the fine sand layer and increase the amount of water flow, while ignoring the effect of water filtration, resulting in a large number of copepods entering the nursery pond.
2. Ignore the treatment of water conservation. Some conservation units have a vague understanding that sea cucumbers can be seen with the naked eye, and the seedling water is directly used without any treatment, resulting in a large number of copepods entering the nursery pool, resulting in a large number of copepods breeding in the seedling pool, causing damage to the seedlings. Great harm.
Second, the season of copepod cockroaches breeds in a large number of seasons generally in May to September every year, and this time is the key period of sea cucumber breeding, seedling preservation, when the water temperature reaches 20 °C, copepods It began to reproduce in large numbers, and its reproduction speed was faster, its activity capacity was stronger, and the degree of harm to the sea cucumber seedlings was greater, and when it was severe, it would lead to the failure of nursery and seedling preservation.
Third, the dangers of copepods Copepods on the damage of sea cucumber seedlings mainly in two aspects: First, copepods and juveniles compete for bait creatures and living space, such as fierce water can use the developed mouthpiece tear Precocious juveniles can cause a sharp drop in the amount of juvenile parameters after their large number of breeds. Second, copepods can cause damage to juveniles. It can cause bacterial infection and ulceration of juvenile ginseng. If it is not treated in time, it can cause large areas of sea cucumber. death.
Fourth, copepod prevention 1. To do a good job of nursery water treatment. Seedling water must be treated through a strict sand filter system, and the thickness of fine sand must be more than 60cm. The pump should be kept away from the near shore and it is forbidden to lift the headwater. This can greatly reduce the entry of copepods.
2. When the conditions permit, it is best to use sand filtration water for seedling preservation; if the conditions are not allowed, the pump head of the lifting pump can be extended to the deep sea to extract the deep seawater, and at the same time, at the outlet lashing Filtering seawater with screen mesh above 200 mesh can also reduce cockroaches to a certain extent.
3. In the process of raising seedlings, if there are copepods and the number is not large, a method of slightly increasing the feed amount of the food can be used to reduce the damage of the copepod on the seedlings.
5. Measure of copepods 1. The traditional method is to find copepods in the process of raising seedlings and seedlings. Use 3ppm to 5ppm of crystal trichlorfon to kill, and change the water after 3 hours. The disadvantage is that crystals are used for a long time. Trichlorfon may cause resistance to some copepods, and some copepods do not kill at the concentration of 10ppm of trichlorfon crystals. This will affect the sea cucumber seedlings and will not be economical.
2. In the process of raising seedlings and keeping seedlings, regular use of oxytetracycline hydrochloride can effectively control copepods, usually using a concentration of 3ppm to 4ppm, every 3 days for a course of treatment, once a week.
3. It is better to use insecticides with little resistance to Chinese herbs, and no effect on sea cucumber seedlings. After 12 hours, the water in the whole pool can be changed.
In short, in the sea cucumber seedling nursery and seedling preservation process, we must strictly disinfect the water, ensure the cleanliness of the nursery water, and adhere to the patrol pool inspection more than 3 times a day. If necessary, take a microscope and find that the cockroach should be killed in time to ensure the sea cucumber. The larvae have a good space for growth and development.
First, the reasons for a large number of copepods 1. Do not pay attention to the treatment of nursery water. Because the speed of filtering water in the sand filter and the amount of water filtered are not matched with the water for nursery, some nursery units intentionally reduce the height of the fine sand layer and increase the amount of water flow, while ignoring the effect of water filtration, resulting in a large number of copepods entering the nursery pond.
2. Ignore the treatment of water conservation. Some conservation units have a vague understanding that sea cucumbers can be seen with the naked eye, and the seedling water is directly used without any treatment, resulting in a large number of copepods entering the nursery pool, resulting in a large number of copepods breeding in the seedling pool, causing damage to the seedlings. Great harm.
Second, the season of copepod cockroaches breeds in a large number of seasons generally in May to September every year, and this time is the key period of sea cucumber breeding, seedling preservation, when the water temperature reaches 20 °C, copepods It began to reproduce in large numbers, and its reproduction speed was faster, its activity capacity was stronger, and the degree of harm to the sea cucumber seedlings was greater, and when it was severe, it would lead to the failure of nursery and seedling preservation.
Third, the dangers of copepods Copepods on the damage of sea cucumber seedlings mainly in two aspects: First, copepods and juveniles compete for bait creatures and living space, such as fierce water can use the developed mouthpiece tear Precocious juveniles can cause a sharp drop in the amount of juvenile parameters after their large number of breeds. Second, copepods can cause damage to juveniles. It can cause bacterial infection and ulceration of juvenile ginseng. If it is not treated in time, it can cause large areas of sea cucumber. death.
Fourth, copepod prevention 1. To do a good job of nursery water treatment. Seedling water must be treated through a strict sand filter system, and the thickness of fine sand must be more than 60cm. The pump should be kept away from the near shore and it is forbidden to lift the headwater. This can greatly reduce the entry of copepods.
2. When the conditions permit, it is best to use sand filtration water for seedling preservation; if the conditions are not allowed, the pump head of the lifting pump can be extended to the deep sea to extract the deep seawater, and at the same time, at the outlet lashing Filtering seawater with screen mesh above 200 mesh can also reduce cockroaches to a certain extent.
3. In the process of raising seedlings, if there are copepods and the number is not large, a method of slightly increasing the feed amount of the food can be used to reduce the damage of the copepod on the seedlings.
5. Measure of copepods 1. The traditional method is to find copepods in the process of raising seedlings and seedlings. Use 3ppm to 5ppm of crystal trichlorfon to kill, and change the water after 3 hours. The disadvantage is that crystals are used for a long time. Trichlorfon may cause resistance to some copepods, and some copepods do not kill at the concentration of 10ppm of trichlorfon crystals. This will affect the sea cucumber seedlings and will not be economical.
2. In the process of raising seedlings and keeping seedlings, regular use of oxytetracycline hydrochloride can effectively control copepods, usually using a concentration of 3ppm to 4ppm, every 3 days for a course of treatment, once a week.
3. It is better to use insecticides with little resistance to Chinese herbs, and no effect on sea cucumber seedlings. After 12 hours, the water in the whole pool can be changed.
In short, in the sea cucumber seedling nursery and seedling preservation process, we must strictly disinfect the water, ensure the cleanliness of the nursery water, and adhere to the patrol pool inspection more than 3 times a day. If necessary, take a microscope and find that the cockroach should be killed in time to ensure the sea cucumber. The larvae have a good space for growth and development.
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