The best time of winter irrigation is the time of winter irrigation of fruit trees, and the appropriate period of winter irrigation is after the fruit is harvested and before the soil is frozen.
Winter irrigation is too early, the temperature is still relatively high, evaporation is large, is not conducive to water conservation, reducing the cold resistance of fruit trees. If it is too late, the temperature of the soil is too low, the soil is hardened, the water can't seep, the frozen water is frozen, and the roots of fruit trees are vulnerable to freezing. The time of winter irrigation of fruit trees is generally 5°C with average ground temperature of 5°C and temperature of 3°C. At this time, even if the nighttime temperature drops below 0°C, freezing occurs, but it can still be thawed after daytime temperature rises. Therefore, it is the best time for winter irrigation of fruit trees.
Irrigation amount The irrigation amount of the winter irrigation of the fruit trees is all infiltrated into the ground on the day after the irrigation, and seeps into the root distribution layer, ie, 20 to 30 centimeters of juvenile fruit trees, 70 to 100 centimeters of adult fruit trees, and 60% of the maximum soil water holding capacity in the soil. 80% is suitable.
Method of winter irrigation 1. Well irrigation: well-conditioned wells with wells, take the well irrigation method, before the well irrigation, in the fruit trees, according to the fruit tree rake, dig, repair the drains, open the gate to release water, irrigation, thoroughly fill the fruit trees Drink enough water to increase root moisture and increase growth.
2. Rooting: Watering the roots of 1 to 2 years old fruit trees, using an earthy pot with elliptic soil around the perennial fruit trees, and 15 to 20 centimeters of earthworms to prevent watering, save water, and achieve watering. The concentration of water promotes water-saturation.
3, drip irrigation: For the orchard with drip irrigation conditions, with drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation method, can save 60% to 70%.
4, the ditch: the perennial fruit trees, from 50 to 70 cm away from the fruit tree, a small ditch around the fruit tree, the water poured into the ditch, the water will sink to the roots, was absorbed by the roots. If it is not permissible for the first time, after the second day of pouring, fill the ditch with earth and keep it practical to prevent the frostbite from freezing. When sulking and adding soil, take care not to hurt the roots. Otherwise it affects the growth of fruit trees.
5, to protect the land: winter irrigation will cause the surface of the soil compaction, soil capillary intact, resulting in accelerated evaporation of soil moisture, affecting the effect of winter irrigation. Therefore, depending on the type of orchard soil in winter irrigation, timely and moderate manual turning of the soil can destroy the capillary system of the soil, reduce the evaporation of soil moisture, and increase the soil fertility through the whole winter drying season. The low temperature will reduce the survival rate of diseases and insect pests.
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