Take a closer look at the secrets of CRISPR gene editing

Wang Yanli, a researcher at the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has long concentrated on the field of firepower and is structural biology. Although it was officially contacted from the doctoral stage, such a magical field deeply attracted her. She said: "Structural biology is very interesting. Many unexplained things in nature will suddenly become apparent after structural analysis of their molecules. Cheerful."

细看CRISPR基因编辑的最初画像

In the process of studying bacterial genes, scientists found that bacteria in the DNA of a virus exist in their own genomes like "all-in-one". When the virus is invaded again, the bacteria can quickly make a piece of RNA from the "database" as "all-night". Make a portrait" and "distribute" to the "patrol police" named Cas9 protein. The Cas9 protein begins to scan the inside of the bacteria and compares each piece of DNA with the "wanted portrait". Once a completely anastomotic DNA is found, it "arrests" and removes the viral DNA to disable it, preventing the bacteria from being attacked again.

Scientists quickly realized that the CRISPR system means that bacteria can efficiently edit their own genomes, and on this basis, we will be able to develop a new genetic engineering technology. Therefore, Wang Yanli, a researcher at the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, who specializes in molecular biology and structural biology, is determined to thoroughly understand the mechanism of action of the CRISPR system. "CRISPR system is divided into 2 categories, subdivided into 6 types and 19 subtypes. Cas9 protein belongs to the second category." Wang Yanli said, "I mainly study the first major category of Cas protein structure. They were first discovered and distributed the most, accounting for about 90% of the CRISPR system and are highly representative."

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