Friends who care about technology are no strangers to the concept of 3D printing. Since the concept was introduced, 3D printing technology has gradually become more and more widely used in medicine. Previously, doctors at the University of Michigan in the United States had printed a stent in 3D and opened up a baby's trachea, saving his life. Today, a team at Northwestern University has used 3D printing technology to create a landmark artificial ovary and board the homepage of many technology websites.
What makes this 3D printed ovary special is that it does not adversely affect the body of the mouse and works well. Many mice transplanted into this artificial ovary also succeeded in becoming a mother. The research on the technology website was published online today in Nature, a subsidiary of Nature Communications.
â–²This 3D printed ovary is a milestone for biomedicine (Source: WIRED)
For women, the ovaries are indispensable reproductive organs. However, in some cases, genetic variation, ovarian disease, or radiotherapy and chemotherapy can have irreversible effects on the ovaries and destroy their function. This not only makes many people's dreams of "becoming a mother" shattered, but also makes these women's hormone secretion disorder. Therefore, if advanced medical techniques can be used to create artificial ovaries with normal functions, the quality of life of these women can be greatly improved.
This is what Professor Teresa Woodruff, a famous scientist at Northwestern University, wants to do. The co-author of the study pointed out that the ovaries are filled with follicles, a group of eggs that are not yet mature, surrounded by hormone-secreting cells. "The role of the ovaries is to guide these follicles to mature and produce eggs every month." Therefore, if you want to create artificial ovaries, you must first simulate the interdependent structure between the ovaries and follicles.
â–² Professor Teresa Woodruff, one of the principals of the study (Source: Northwestern University)
Last year, the researchers used chemical reagents to remove follicles, blood vessels, and other tissues from the human ovaries, leaving only a complex scaffold of collagen. Under the microscope, the researchers found that the scaffold structure is intertwined to form a small grid. "It's like human bones support our flesh and blood in the body," Professor Woodruff said. "Every organ has an extracellular matrix. They are made of hard materials, like scaffolding."
If we can print this stent, we may be able to make the basic structure of the ovaries.
Here is a summary of the principles of 3D printing. It is like a normal printer, generally requiring liquid "ink". The difference is that these "inks" gradually solidify in the air, forming a hard structure. The same is true for printing biological organs – researchers need to find a biocompatible material that will print out in the case of liquids and allow them to gradually form a solid structure. This is not an easy job.
â–² 3D printed ovarian stent is art (Source: Nature Communications)
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