Since the early 1980s, cultivation of edible fungus has become a good project with a small investment, a short period, and quick results. The project has been rapidly developing in China. Edible mushroom products were once in short supply and sold at a high price.
The edible fungus industry is a rural economic development project that combines economic benefits, ecological benefits, and social benefits. Edible fungus is also a kind of organic, nutritious, and healthy green food. Development of edible fungus industry is in line with people's consumption growth and sustainable agricultural development. The need is an effective way for farmers to get rich quickly.
In recent decades, people gradually recognized the growth patterns of edible fungi and improved the ancient production methods relying on the natural transmission of spores and mycelium. Artificially cultivated mycelium of cultivated species accelerated the propagation speed of edible fungi and the possibility of high yield. Some countries have also established a mushroom factory with an annual output of more than 1,000 tons of fresh mushrooms. In 1950, the world's large-scale cultivation of edible fungi was about 5 categories, and the output was about 70,000 tons. In some countries in Western Europe that produce mushrooms, the average yield per square meter of cultivated area was about 2,000 grams. By 1980, the cultivated species had exceeded 12 species, and the output was about 1.21 million tons. In some countries, the output per square meter has risen to 27 kg. In recent years, a family of mushrooms for both ornamental and food use has been developed, as well as a technology for the liquid fermentation of mycelium to produce food additives.
China's widely cultivated edible fungi include mushrooms, mushrooms, straw mushrooms, fungus, white fungus, oyster mushroom, oyster mushroom, etc. In 1982, the total output was about 150,000 tons, and they were in control of breeding and breeding varieties, improved seed production, and cultivation techniques. Based on this, the rate of development of edible fungi is rapidly increasing. Scientists predict that edible fungus will become one of the major protein foods for humans in the 21st century. In 2005, the total output of edible fungi in China reached 12 million tons, ranking first in the world. In 2009, the total output of edible fungi in China reached 18 million tons, accounting for 70% of the world's total. In recent years, the whole mushroom industry, Jiufa Group and other units have developed edible fungus liquid strain production and factory cultivation techniques, which greatly increased the level of production of edible fungi in China. Edible mushroom industry has become an important industry in China's planting industry. Although China is the country with the largest production of edible fungi, the annual per capita consumption is less than 0.5 kilograms. The annual population in the United States is 1.5 kilograms. In Japan, the average annual population is 3 kilograms. The annual per capita consumption in the country is quite different from that of some countries in the world.
According to the data provided by the customs, the export volume of edible fungi in 2001, 2002, and 2003 were 476,000 tons, 380,000 tons, and 430,000 tons respectively, and the foreign exchange exchanges were respectively 600 million U.S. dollars, 460 million U.S. dollars, and 620 million U.S. dollars. Compared with the total amount, it is close to one-tenth. The per capita consumption of foreign edible fungus is increasing at a rate of 13% each year. There is a large space for foreign markets to explore. The per capita consumption of edible fungi in China is less than one-tenth that of Hong Kong, so the domestic market has great potential. According to a survey, the annual edible mushroom production in Beijing is 150,000 tons. Calculated according to a fixed population of 15 million people, each person can only eat about 10 kilograms of edible fungi each year, far from meeting people's needs. Affected by this global financial crisis, it is even more necessary for the domestic market to increase publicity and industrial integration, expand consumer groups, increase total consumption in order to stimulate production; the key to the international market is to improve the quality of products at all levels in order to increase the international market. Share of share.
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