With the improvement of people's awareness of afforestation and the concept of tree planting and afforestation, afforestation in autumn and winter is gradually becoming the mainstream of afforestation. Compared with spring afforestation, the afforestation in autumn and winter has obvious advantages: First, the survival rate of afforestation is high. During this period, the temperature was low, the air humidity was high, the evaporation was small, the soil moisture was good, the seedlings themselves had sufficient water, nutrition was sufficient, and it was not easy to lose water in the process of transplanting, and more water could be maintained and the survival rate was high. Second, seedlings are optional. Seedling growth can be fully observed in the growing season of seedlings, and good quality seedlings with sufficient nutrients, robust growth, and full lignification can be selected. Third, afforestation in autumn and winter can avoid the high season of seedling pests and diseases, which is conducive to robust growth of seedlings. Trees are planted in autumn and winter, and the climate is cool. Most of the pests begin to converge and fall into hibernation. The incidence of various diseases and insect pests is low, which is an excellent opportunity for the seedlings to survive and grow. By the early summer, the disease and pests have had a high season, and the seedlings already have a certain ability to resist. To ensure the survival rate of afforestation, afforestation in the autumn and winter should pay attention to the following points:
First, choose the appropriate species
In autumn and winter, tree-planting techniques often use cutting-off technology, so tree species with long latent bud life and strong sprouting ability can be planted in autumn, such as poplar, willow, alfalfa, skunk, white wax, etc., and also the resistance of tree species. Coldness.
Second, grasp the appropriate tree planting time
Planting trees in autumn and winter in the northern regions should be performed before the trees fall into the dormant state before they fall into the dormant state. During this period, the above-ground parts of the trees have stopped growing, but the roots have not yet stopped growing. The roots that can be restored after transplantation are conducive to improving the survival rate. Early transplantation, above ground metabolism and other activities are more prosperous, easy to lose water, affect survival; transplant too late, the ground temperature is low, is not conducive to the recovery of the root system. The best afforestation time in my country is November of each year.
Third, take a scientific planting technology
1. Choose one-year or two-year-old, high-quality seedlings that grow robustly, have no pests and diseases, and have complete seedlings, and have a high degree of lignification. The number of main roots is required to be more than 3, the length of the main root is 20cm, there is no cleavage, and the lateral roots are complete; the height of the stem is 3m and the wound is sealed with wax; the lateral branches are not preserved.
2, site digging points: planting hole specifications require at least 60cm square, yin and yang soil separately.
3. To minimize the time from planting to planting before planting, it is best to use seedlings produced in the area to avoid long distance transportation, reduce water evaporation from seedlings, and improve drought resistance and survival rate.
4. Planting should adhere to the principles of “deeply burying the real estate†and “referring to the two burying and three backfillingâ€. To be buried deep, that is, the roots should be buried deep, preferably 3-5cm above the ground diameter, and compacted backfill soil; mentioning that the nursery stock is placed in the pit, and the seedlings are lightly lifted after the first soil is buried to ensure the root stretch. Step two, that is, after raising the seedlings, use the feet to push the soil, and then bury the second soil, step on the solid; three backfill, that is, when planting must be backfilled three times the soil, the first time fill the topsoil, and then back fill the soil.
5. After the planting is completed, it is necessary to water the rooting water once, and after the water is completely leaked, the soil will be fixed and the soil will be piled up to form a soil pile with a height of 30cm, which will help prevent wind and wind and prevent the winter wind from blowing through the root system. For saplings with diameters of 3-5 cm in diameter in the autumn and winter, when the soil is cultivated, it can be stepped on and cultivated to increase the fixing ability of the soil to the seedlings. For large seedlings, be sure to do the bracket fixation while keeping the earth safe, so as not to shake the wind, cause injury or even lodging.
6, pay attention to antifreeze, fire prevention, pest prevention. In the wind direction, the crescent moon will be protected from freezing at a certain distance from the seedlings, with a height of 60cm; the weeds on the surface shall be removed to prevent fire; the trunk shall be painted below 1.3m to prevent pests and diseases; the whitening agent shall be treated with 10 parts of water + 3 parts of quicklime + 0.5 parts of salt. + 0.5 parts of sulfur powder.
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