Chinese cabbage is a 1-2 year old herb of the family Brassica, which can form leafballs. Large water consumption, not wet, semi-hardy, poor heat resistance. The Chinese cabbage has a well-developed root system, which is a fleshy, fleshy root. It has many roots and forms a well-developed reticular root system, of which 90% is concentrated in 30 cm of soil below the earth's surface. It is appropriate to plant sandy loam with deep soil and high fertility. The suitable soil pH is 6.0-6.8. Chinese cabbage cannot be used continuously, nor can it be rotated with other cruciferous vegetables.
Chinese cabbage needs fertilizer characteristics
Chinese cabbage has a long growth period, high yield, and a large demand for nutrients. The absorption of potassium is the highest, followed by nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. About 1,000 kilograms of nitrogen, 0.94 kilograms of phosphorus pentoxide, and 2.5 kilograms of potassium oxide are needed for every 1000 kilograms of Chinese cabbage. Due to different growth and growth rates of Chinese cabbage during different growth periods, the demand for nutrient conditions is not the same. Seedlings absorb less nutrients, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium absorption less than 10% of the total absorption; rosette period increased significantly, accounting for about 30% of the total; the ball-intake period to absorb the most nutrients, accounting for about 60% of the total .
The influence of each element on Chinese cabbage
Adequate nitrogen nutrition plays an important role in promoting the formation of hypertrophic green leaves and enhancing photosynthetic efficiency. If the nitrogen supply is insufficient, the leaves will gradually yellow and dry from the outside to the inside, and the plants will be short, rough and severely reduced in yield; if there is too much nitrogen , It is easy to cause the leaves to be large and thin, the bag is not true, the quality is poor, the resistance to disease is reduced, and it is not resistant to storage.
Phosphorus can promote cell division and differentiation of leaf primordia, accelerate the formation of leaf bulbs, and promote root growth. In the absence of phosphorus, the plants are short, the leaves are dark green, and the bulbs are slow.
Potassium can enhance photosynthesis and promote the production and operation of organic matter in leaves. The supply of potash fertilizer is sufficient to enrich the leaf ball and increase the yield; in the absence of potassium, the edge of the outer leaf blade is band-like and dry, and when it is severe, it can develop toward the heart blade.
Cabbage is a calcium-bearing crop, and the outer leaves contain up to 5%-6% of calcium, while the heart's calcium content is only 0.4%-0.8%. Poor environment and poor management can lead to physiological calcium deficiency and dry heart disease, which seriously affects the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage.
Effect of fertilization on yield and quality
In a certain range of fertilization, with the increase of the amount of fertilizer, the yield also increased. 0.3 kg of ammonium nitrate per acre can increase the yield of Chinese cabbage by 10-20 kg. However, if it exceeds a certain range, the effect of increasing production will deteriorate and the economic benefits will decline. Therefore, fertilization should be based on the soil fertility status of the vegetable field. Nitrate can be reduced to nitrite in animals by the action of bacteria. This nitrite will cause direct or indirect harm to the human body. With large amounts of nitrogen fertilizers, nitrate content in Chinese cabbage products will increase significantly, which will be detrimental to human health. In addition, over-application of nitrogen fertilizers will also increase the incidence of dry heart disease in Chinese cabbage and cause more serious dry heart disease after storage. Therefore, it is necessary to properly control the application of nitrogen fertilizers.
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