Identification of raw herbs
Character identification
1. The leaves of perilla leaves are mostly curled and broken, and the intact ones are ovoid after flattening. They are 4-11cm long and 2.5-9cm wide. Apex long or acute, base rounded or broadly cuneate, margin serrate. Both sides are purple or green on the upper surface, purple on the lower surface, sparsely grayish hairs, and most of the pit-like glandular scales on the lower surface. Petiole 2-5cm long, purple or purple green. Crisp and crisp. Hysterosis twigs, branch diameter 2-5mm, purple green, middle section of the marrow. Gas fragrance, Wei Xin.
2. The leaves of intact Perilla leaves are oval after being flattened, 4-7cm long and 2.5-5cm wide; the leaves are green, dark green or purplish on both sides, and the edges are circular sawtooth. All leaves are full, color purple, aroma is better.
Microscopic identification
Leaf surface view
The pericentral wall of perilla on epidermis cells is wavy and curved, and the stratum corneum of the outer wall is discontinuously wavy; the lower epidermis cells are small, and the vertical wall is wavy and curved. The texture of the cuticle is not obvious. Both sides have glandular scales and glandular hairs, the following surface is more, glandular scales glandular head flat round, 4-8thorax, diameter 44-106μm, stalk single cell; glandular hair gland head 1-2 cells, stalk single cell . Non-glandular hairs 1-7 cells, with central cells sometimes constricted, were 80-980 μm long and 30-100 μm in diameter at the base. Straight pores of the pores, more under the epidermis.
2. The peristaltic wall of the epidermis cells of B. purpurea is slightly flat and the texture of the cuticle is not even noticeable. The rest is similar to that of basil.
Physical and chemical identification
1. This product is used for the surface production of leaves. Some cells in the epidermal cells contain the pigment of purple, and 10% hydrochloric acid solution is added dropwise. Immediately it is red; or 5% potassium hydroxide solution is added dropwise. Yellow-green.
2. Thin-layer chromatography to take 0.7g of this product coarse powder, set in a 500ml round bottom flask, add 250ml of water, mix, connect the volatile oil measuring device, add water to the scale from the top of the measuring device, and overflow into the flask, plus petroleum ether (60 -90 °C) 1.5ml, connected to the reflux condenser, heated to boiling, and keep micro-boiling 2h, let cool, and take asparagus ether layer as the test solution. Spot on silicone G thin plate,
1 Using benzene-ethyl acetate (95:5) as the developing agent, and using decyl alcohol and perillaldehyde as the reference substance;
2 Using hexane as the developing agent, using L-limonene and α-pinene as the reference materials, unfolding, exhibiting 16.5 cm, taking out, drying, spraying with 5% vanillin concentrated sulfuric acid, baking at 80°C for 5 minutes, In the chromatogram of the test sample, the spots of the same color appear on the positions corresponding to the chromatogram of the reference substance.
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