First, nursery:
Tomato can be broadcast live, but also can be transplanted and cut seedlings. In addition to the live broadcast of autumn tomatoes, other seasons are planted using seedling transplanting. Although tomato cultivation in our county can be carried out throughout the year, winter and spring tomatoes are mainly planted after planting rice. Winter tomatoes are planted from late August to early September, and planted from early September to early October. Harvested till February. Exposure to seedlings is generally used. Spring tomatoes are sown in mid-October. They are planted in mid-November and harvested from March to May. The use of thin film covering or small arch nursery, the conditions of the region can also choose to use nutrition, nutrition bags or plug seedlings.
1, seedlings choose:
Should choose a flat terrain, leeward sunny drainage and irrigation, low groundwater level, within three years did not plant the land of Solanaceae crops, land selection, it is necessary to deepen the sunburn as soon as possible, adequate farmyard fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potash, fine Soil preparation and a seedling bed with a width of 1 meter and a width of 30 cm in depth are used to form a seedling bed. The seedling bed is then sterilized, and 30-50 ml of formalin solution is sprayed on a 3-litre spray bed per square meter. After 3 days, the film was peeled off with a film, and the film was sown after the odor disappeared. Can also be used 50% carbendazim WP and 50% thiram WP mix 1:1, or 25% metalaxyl WP and 70% mancozeb wettable powder according to 9:1 mixing, according to Per square meter of medication 8g ~ 10g and 4 kg ~ 5 kg of sieving fine soil mixed, sowing 2/3 shop on the bed, 1/3 covered in the seeds for disinfection.
2. Choose varieties that are resistant to disease, high quality, high yield, good storage, good merchandise, and adaptability to the market.
3. Seed treatment: Seed treatment is carried out according to the following steps:
a. Sowing: Spread the seeds in the sun for 2-3 days.
b. Warm soaking: soaking in warm water of 55°C for 15 minutes, stirring constantly while soaking, adding hot water to keep constant temperature, after 15 minutes, stir only and no longer heat the water, when the temperature drops to 30°C, stop stirring, let it be natural Drop to room temperature.
c. Seed Disinfection: Seeds are treated with soup and soaked in normal-temperature water for 3-4 hours, then soaked for 15 minutes at room temperature with 40% formalin 100-fold solution, and the treated seeds are removed and placed in a pot. Closed for 2-3 hours, wash with water.
d. Soaking seed germination: The disinfected seeds are soaked for about 6 hours and then washed and washed out. The bags are filled with a sandbag and placed at a temperature of 25-28° C. for heat and germination. When germination is about to take place, the temperature should be reduced to about 20°C to prevent the growth of the shoots. During the pregermination period, wash twice with normal temperature water every day. When 70% of the seeds are white, the seeds can be sowed.
4. Seeding rate; generally sow 20-25 grams of tomato seeds per PCT (about 6-7 square meters), sowing 30-35 grams of spring tomato seeds, can transplant 1 hectare of field.
5, sowing method: generally broadcast or broadcast. The width of the drill is about 10 cm, and the spacing is 6-7 cm. After sowing, it is covered with fine manure or loam. The thickness is about 1 cm, and then it is poured with a watering can. Summer sowing tomatoes can be covered with a layer of straw or loose hair on the surface of the pod, and then gradually removed after emergence.
Second, colonization
1. Planting period: It should be carried out according to the cultivation season and harvesting period of previous crops. Generally, winter tomato is planted at the end of September to the beginning of October, and it is suitable for planting in the evening or cloudy days. Spring tomatoes can be planted from the end of November to the middle of January. Select the sunny planting, easy to survive, after planting need to drench the rooting water.
2. Daejeon Site Preparation Fertilization: After the current crop is harvested, 3000-4000 kg of farmyard manure per acre, 50 kg of common calcium, 15 kg of potash fertilizer are used as base fertilizer, and then the plow is broken and plowed. The fine earth preparation is generally 1.5-2 meters. Groove width, depth 30 cm. Can also be arranged into a 1 meter wide, double row planting; if the season is too tight to turn the plow, you can also directly open the trenches, and then according to a certain spacing and playing ponds, each pond put dry excrement 1.5-2 kg and soil Mixing can be planted.
3, planting density and methods: planting density according to growth habits, varieties, soil fertility pruning methods, according to local conditions, flexible support, unlimited growth type scaffolding, single pruning density, 2500-2800 per mu; unlimited growth type, Double dry pruning, 2000 plants per acre; self-sealing plants, planting 4,000 to 5,000 plants per acre; for an indefinite growth plant not planting, planting 1200 to 1500 plants per acre; self-sealing acre planting 1500 to 2000 plants per acre . General plant spacing 60 to 65 × 40 to 45 cm, 1 meter width of the row spacing 80 cm, spacing 35-40 cm, planting depth to cover the soil to the cotyledon is appropriate, generally can be used for reclining planting to promote adventitious root growth, promote Seedlings grow robustly.
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