1. The damaged fruit of the rust mites is bronzed on the back of the leaves, and the surface is rough and loses luster, causing serious defoliation.
Control methods:
1 Check the pest situation.
2 chemical control.
3 Improve the ecological environment of the Orangery.
4 Use natural enemies.
2. Citrus red spider Citrus red spider, also known as the orange all-clawed beak, belongs to the family Arachnididae. It is the most important pest of various citrus producing areas in China and can harm citrus, pear, peach and mulberry. It sucks citrus leaves, shoots, buds and fruit juices, especially the youngest leaves. At the beginning of the victim's leaf, it turned pale green and turned gray spots. In severe cases, the leaves were gray and dull, and the back of the leaves was covered with dusty molting shells, causing defoliation and fruit drop. The appearance of light green spots on the surface of the affected young fruit, and the appearance of pale yellow spots on the surface of the mature fruit after its damage, caused the quality to be poor, and resulted in a large number of fruit drop due to the damage of the fruit pedicle.
Control methods:
1 chemical control.
2 Protect and use natural enemies.
3 Strengthen tree management to increase tree vigor.
3. Blowing, blowing, and spreading are widespread, endangering plants such as Rutaceae, Leguminosae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae and Solanaceae, and sucking tree sap to induce soot, causing defoliation, shoot tipping, and weakened tree vigor.
Control methods:
Mainly natural enemies, supplemented by comprehensive prevention and treatment combined with artificial and pharmaceutical agents.
1 Protect or cite the red tapeworm and Australian ladybugs.
2 Use rosin mixture (3:2:10), about 10 times in winter, about 15 times in summer, or 40% culling (anti-phospho) EC from 2000 to 2500 times. It should be sprayed continuously for 2 to 3 times in order to obtain a significant effect.
(4) Acanthocephalus, also known as Spodoptera, belongs to the order Homoptera. There are all citrus producing areas in China. Nymphs and female adults feed on citrus leaves, fruits, and twigs. Damaged leaves are yellow spots. If many male nymphs gather and feed on them, the victim will have large yellow spots on the reverse side. In severe cases, the leaves will distort and the leaves and leaves will die. The victim was yellowish-green at the victim's site and had a poor appearance and taste.
Control methods:
1 chemical control. The 25th day after the initial flowering of the anthraquinine, or the first 2nd instar males, is the first prevention and treatment period 5 days after the first day of emergence. After 20 days, it is sprayed once more. When there are overwintering adult females, up to 10% of last year's fall shoots or two branchlets in the tree group are obviously larvae or a few branches and leaves are coke, or when last year's fall leaves are overwintering female adults up to 15/100 leaves, they should be controlled by spraying. Can be used 40% speed culling 2000 ~ 3000 times, 40% aqueous amine sulfate or 25% quinophos or 40% rossib or 25% fluoxetine 1000 ~ 2000 times, 0.5% fruit St. 1000 ~ 2000 times liquid 95% oil emulsion 100 to 150 times, or 2000 to 3000 times one of the first 6 agents plus 0.25% to 0.5% oil emulsion, better.
2 Cut off the worms, dry and dead branches to reduce the source of insects and improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions.
3 Protect and use natural enemies. Japanese arrowhead natural enemies include Japan's cephalopods, thoracic oligo-prickly locusts, Hubei red-lipped ladybugs, arrowhead bees and flower horns.
5. Red wax, red wax, and wax are widely distributed, harming citrus, tea and mulberry and other plants. Red wax parasitized after inducing coal disease, causing weakening tree vigor.
Control methods:
1 Agricultural control. When pruning in winter and summer, remove worm branches, renew tree crowns, strengthen fertilizer and water management, promote new shoots, and restore tree vigor.
2 Do a good job of insect forecasting. From the day when the spring shoots first saw the nymph, the next 3
~ 6 weeks for the appropriate spray, continuous medication can be 2 times.
3 use the drug. 40% aqueous methionine EC, 40% cull EC 1000 to 2000 times liquid, or rosin mixture 15 to 20 times liquid to prevent 1 to 2 instar nymphs.
4 Protection and use of natural enemies to control late medication.
6, citrus wood lice control methods:
1 Do a good job of orchard planning and reasonable layout. In the same orchard, the varieties, rootstocks, and tree ages should be the same to make them consistent. Control planting density and ensure proper canopy closure. Strengthen the cultivation and management of citrus orchards, wipe the shoots to shoots, remove them to zero, keep early to stay together, and concentrate on spraying during the shoot stage. Excavate diseased trees in time to reduce the source of insects.
2 chemical control. During the winter and various shoot-out periods, the main buds were 5 cm or less in length after germination, and new shoots were sprayed before and after cutting. The type and concentration of the agent are as follows: 20% fenvalerate (quick killing), 3000 times solution of emulsifiable concentrate, 2.5% deltamethrin (enemycidal) emulsifiable concentrate 2000 to 3000 times, 2.5% rattan extract, 500 times solution , Nicotine sulfate 1000 times solution, 40% Dimethoate EC, 25% imidophos EC 1000 times solution, 25% quizphos EC 500 to 1000 times solution, 40% Water phosphorothioamide, 80% Dichlorvos EC 1000 times liquid. From August to September in Guangdong Province, it was the peak period of the skipping bees. Try to avoid spraying during this period.
3 strict quarantine. It is forbidden to transport citrus seedlings and other Rutaceae plants in the affected area to the insect-free area for cultivation.
7. Citrus leaf miners Citrus leaf miners, also known as ghost paintings, map worms, etc., are distributed in China's grapefruit production areas. The newly hatched larvae use chewing mouthparts to lift the leaves of the young leaves and tender stems, and then feed on the leaves and young phloem layers inward to form a silvery-white insect path. The victim leaves are curled and hardened, and the photosynthesis efficiency is reduced. The resulting wounds are easily invaded by the ulcer bacteria. The curled leaves provide sites for wintering for insects such as cockroaches, cockroaches and roundworms, which increases the difficulty of prevention and control in winter.
Control methods:
1Intensify cultivation and management, aggravate the nutrition of leaf miners, and the survival and reproduction of leaf miners are inseparable from young leaves and young shoots. In the summer and autumn, wipe shoots are used to control shoots, and premature or late evacuation is not neat. The young shoots, or summer cuts 15 to 29 days before the shoots, make the orchards rarely have young shoots for a period of time, interrupt their food, eliminate spawning sites, and concentrate on the young shoots under cut and cut. Among the pests, the number of insect populations in the orchard leafminer was reduced, and the shoots were uniformly released, which not only inhibited the occurrence of leaf miners, but also favored the spraying of pesticides and improved the shoot protection effect.
2 Predicting and forecasting, mastering the tipping of adults at the low peak period. The high temperature in the midsummer has a significant inhibitory effect on the occurrence of leaf miner. Guangdong Province had a low peak of adult spawning from late July to early August. Therefore, in the middle of July, the number of young larvae and eggs of the top five leaves of the new shoot was investigated. When the number of young shoots was found to be significantly reduced, the shoots were again wiped for one time to reduce the number of sprays and reduce shoots.
3 The fewer types and varieties of pomelos planted in the same orchard, the better. Variety of species is different, and the period of pigtailing is inconsistent. This will inevitably cause the shoots in the garden to continuously whip up and make the food chain of the leaf miner unceasingly, which is beneficial to its generation.
4 drug control. When the new shoots spit out 5 to 10 millimeters, the first drug is sprayed, and the second time and the third time are sprayed at intervals of 7 days. If the shoots can be controlled, shoot at the low peak of the leaf miner, once. The tip only needs to spray 1 to 2 times of medicine to achieve good control effect, otherwise continuous spraying of 3 to 4 times until the new tip can only stop the drug. The following pesticides can be used: 96% Bataan powder 2000 times, 20% zeolid EC 1500-3000 times, 2.5% Kung Fu 5000-10000 times, 25% Carbaryl WP 600-800 times, 20 %-speed killing Ding 3000 ~ 6000 times liquid, 20% cypermethrin (killing Baike) 3000 ~ 4000 times liquid, 2.5% deltamethrin (enemy killing) 2000 ~ 2500 times, 20% Ye Yu San 500 ~ 800 Double fluid.
5 biological control. Its larvae have natural enemies such as parasitic bees and should be protected.
8. The Star-strife Beetles are found in all citrus regions of China and endanger citrus trees, pears, mulberry trees and willows. The larvae eat the tree neck and main root cortex within 0.5 meters from the ground of the citrus, cut off the nutrient and water transport, and make the plant grow poorly. When it is light, some of the branches and leaves are yellow, while the roots are "ringed" to make the plant dead. The wounds it creates also create conditions for the entry of foot rot bacteria, which can cause poor tree growth and can cause young citrus to die.
Control methods 1 Kill adult. During the period of adult emergence, they were killed at noon on sunny days.
2 Elimination or poisoning of insects and eggs. In June-July, the newly hatched larvae of adult larvae emerged at the stage of hair growth and eradicate insects and eggs in a timely manner with a knife (dangerous fluids are easily identified). From September to October, the last larvae that escaped the net were killed again. In late spring, if a stem base is found to excrete fresh insect waste, it can be stuffed into the borehole with 80% of dichlorvos EC 5 to 10 times or 1/6 to 1/8 of 56% aluminum phosphide tablets. Wet soil will be closed at all orifices (other insect-free holes should also be closed), 15 days after the inspection, if there are still fresh insect excrement, should continue to control.
Control methods:
1 Check the pest situation.
2 chemical control.
3 Improve the ecological environment of the Orangery.
4 Use natural enemies.
2. Citrus red spider Citrus red spider, also known as the orange all-clawed beak, belongs to the family Arachnididae. It is the most important pest of various citrus producing areas in China and can harm citrus, pear, peach and mulberry. It sucks citrus leaves, shoots, buds and fruit juices, especially the youngest leaves. At the beginning of the victim's leaf, it turned pale green and turned gray spots. In severe cases, the leaves were gray and dull, and the back of the leaves was covered with dusty molting shells, causing defoliation and fruit drop. The appearance of light green spots on the surface of the affected young fruit, and the appearance of pale yellow spots on the surface of the mature fruit after its damage, caused the quality to be poor, and resulted in a large number of fruit drop due to the damage of the fruit pedicle.
Control methods:
1 chemical control.
2 Protect and use natural enemies.
3 Strengthen tree management to increase tree vigor.
3. Blowing, blowing, and spreading are widespread, endangering plants such as Rutaceae, Leguminosae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae and Solanaceae, and sucking tree sap to induce soot, causing defoliation, shoot tipping, and weakened tree vigor.
Control methods:
Mainly natural enemies, supplemented by comprehensive prevention and treatment combined with artificial and pharmaceutical agents.
1 Protect or cite the red tapeworm and Australian ladybugs.
2 Use rosin mixture (3:2:10), about 10 times in winter, about 15 times in summer, or 40% culling (anti-phospho) EC from 2000 to 2500 times. It should be sprayed continuously for 2 to 3 times in order to obtain a significant effect.
(4) Acanthocephalus, also known as Spodoptera, belongs to the order Homoptera. There are all citrus producing areas in China. Nymphs and female adults feed on citrus leaves, fruits, and twigs. Damaged leaves are yellow spots. If many male nymphs gather and feed on them, the victim will have large yellow spots on the reverse side. In severe cases, the leaves will distort and the leaves and leaves will die. The victim was yellowish-green at the victim's site and had a poor appearance and taste.
Control methods:
1 chemical control. The 25th day after the initial flowering of the anthraquinine, or the first 2nd instar males, is the first prevention and treatment period 5 days after the first day of emergence. After 20 days, it is sprayed once more. When there are overwintering adult females, up to 10% of last year's fall shoots or two branchlets in the tree group are obviously larvae or a few branches and leaves are coke, or when last year's fall leaves are overwintering female adults up to 15/100 leaves, they should be controlled by spraying. Can be used 40% speed culling 2000 ~ 3000 times, 40% aqueous amine sulfate or 25% quinophos or 40% rossib or 25% fluoxetine 1000 ~ 2000 times, 0.5% fruit St. 1000 ~ 2000 times liquid 95% oil emulsion 100 to 150 times, or 2000 to 3000 times one of the first 6 agents plus 0.25% to 0.5% oil emulsion, better.
2 Cut off the worms, dry and dead branches to reduce the source of insects and improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions.
3 Protect and use natural enemies. Japanese arrowhead natural enemies include Japan's cephalopods, thoracic oligo-prickly locusts, Hubei red-lipped ladybugs, arrowhead bees and flower horns.
5. Red wax, red wax, and wax are widely distributed, harming citrus, tea and mulberry and other plants. Red wax parasitized after inducing coal disease, causing weakening tree vigor.
Control methods:
1 Agricultural control. When pruning in winter and summer, remove worm branches, renew tree crowns, strengthen fertilizer and water management, promote new shoots, and restore tree vigor.
2 Do a good job of insect forecasting. From the day when the spring shoots first saw the nymph, the next 3
~ 6 weeks for the appropriate spray, continuous medication can be 2 times.
3 use the drug. 40% aqueous methionine EC, 40% cull EC 1000 to 2000 times liquid, or rosin mixture 15 to 20 times liquid to prevent 1 to 2 instar nymphs.
4 Protection and use of natural enemies to control late medication.
6, citrus wood lice control methods:
1 Do a good job of orchard planning and reasonable layout. In the same orchard, the varieties, rootstocks, and tree ages should be the same to make them consistent. Control planting density and ensure proper canopy closure. Strengthen the cultivation and management of citrus orchards, wipe the shoots to shoots, remove them to zero, keep early to stay together, and concentrate on spraying during the shoot stage. Excavate diseased trees in time to reduce the source of insects.
2 chemical control. During the winter and various shoot-out periods, the main buds were 5 cm or less in length after germination, and new shoots were sprayed before and after cutting. The type and concentration of the agent are as follows: 20% fenvalerate (quick killing), 3000 times solution of emulsifiable concentrate, 2.5% deltamethrin (enemycidal) emulsifiable concentrate 2000 to 3000 times, 2.5% rattan extract, 500 times solution , Nicotine sulfate 1000 times solution, 40% Dimethoate EC, 25% imidophos EC 1000 times solution, 25% quizphos EC 500 to 1000 times solution, 40% Water phosphorothioamide, 80% Dichlorvos EC 1000 times liquid. From August to September in Guangdong Province, it was the peak period of the skipping bees. Try to avoid spraying during this period.
3 strict quarantine. It is forbidden to transport citrus seedlings and other Rutaceae plants in the affected area to the insect-free area for cultivation.
7. Citrus leaf miners Citrus leaf miners, also known as ghost paintings, map worms, etc., are distributed in China's grapefruit production areas. The newly hatched larvae use chewing mouthparts to lift the leaves of the young leaves and tender stems, and then feed on the leaves and young phloem layers inward to form a silvery-white insect path. The victim leaves are curled and hardened, and the photosynthesis efficiency is reduced. The resulting wounds are easily invaded by the ulcer bacteria. The curled leaves provide sites for wintering for insects such as cockroaches, cockroaches and roundworms, which increases the difficulty of prevention and control in winter.
Control methods:
1Intensify cultivation and management, aggravate the nutrition of leaf miners, and the survival and reproduction of leaf miners are inseparable from young leaves and young shoots. In the summer and autumn, wipe shoots are used to control shoots, and premature or late evacuation is not neat. The young shoots, or summer cuts 15 to 29 days before the shoots, make the orchards rarely have young shoots for a period of time, interrupt their food, eliminate spawning sites, and concentrate on the young shoots under cut and cut. Among the pests, the number of insect populations in the orchard leafminer was reduced, and the shoots were uniformly released, which not only inhibited the occurrence of leaf miners, but also favored the spraying of pesticides and improved the shoot protection effect.
2 Predicting and forecasting, mastering the tipping of adults at the low peak period. The high temperature in the midsummer has a significant inhibitory effect on the occurrence of leaf miner. Guangdong Province had a low peak of adult spawning from late July to early August. Therefore, in the middle of July, the number of young larvae and eggs of the top five leaves of the new shoot was investigated. When the number of young shoots was found to be significantly reduced, the shoots were again wiped for one time to reduce the number of sprays and reduce shoots.
3 The fewer types and varieties of pomelos planted in the same orchard, the better. Variety of species is different, and the period of pigtailing is inconsistent. This will inevitably cause the shoots in the garden to continuously whip up and make the food chain of the leaf miner unceasingly, which is beneficial to its generation.
4 drug control. When the new shoots spit out 5 to 10 millimeters, the first drug is sprayed, and the second time and the third time are sprayed at intervals of 7 days. If the shoots can be controlled, shoot at the low peak of the leaf miner, once. The tip only needs to spray 1 to 2 times of medicine to achieve good control effect, otherwise continuous spraying of 3 to 4 times until the new tip can only stop the drug. The following pesticides can be used: 96% Bataan powder 2000 times, 20% zeolid EC 1500-3000 times, 2.5% Kung Fu 5000-10000 times, 25% Carbaryl WP 600-800 times, 20 %-speed killing Ding 3000 ~ 6000 times liquid, 20% cypermethrin (killing Baike) 3000 ~ 4000 times liquid, 2.5% deltamethrin (enemy killing) 2000 ~ 2500 times, 20% Ye Yu San 500 ~ 800 Double fluid.
5 biological control. Its larvae have natural enemies such as parasitic bees and should be protected.
8. The Star-strife Beetles are found in all citrus regions of China and endanger citrus trees, pears, mulberry trees and willows. The larvae eat the tree neck and main root cortex within 0.5 meters from the ground of the citrus, cut off the nutrient and water transport, and make the plant grow poorly. When it is light, some of the branches and leaves are yellow, while the roots are "ringed" to make the plant dead. The wounds it creates also create conditions for the entry of foot rot bacteria, which can cause poor tree growth and can cause young citrus to die.
Control methods 1 Kill adult. During the period of adult emergence, they were killed at noon on sunny days.
2 Elimination or poisoning of insects and eggs. In June-July, the newly hatched larvae of adult larvae emerged at the stage of hair growth and eradicate insects and eggs in a timely manner with a knife (dangerous fluids are easily identified). From September to October, the last larvae that escaped the net were killed again. In late spring, if a stem base is found to excrete fresh insect waste, it can be stuffed into the borehole with 80% of dichlorvos EC 5 to 10 times or 1/6 to 1/8 of 56% aluminum phosphide tablets. Wet soil will be closed at all orifices (other insect-free holes should also be closed), 15 days after the inspection, if there are still fresh insect excrement, should continue to control.
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