High-grade beef cattle linear fattening technology

First, the advantages of beef cattle linear fattening. The first is to shorten the production cycle and improve the slaughter rate. The second is to improve the meat quality to meet the market demand for high-grade beef. The third is to reduce the cost of raising and increase the economic benefits of beef cattle production. The fourth is to increase the amount of livestock on the grassland and obtain higher ecological benefits.

Second, technology

1. Selection of fattening yak breeds. Excellent bulls, such as Charolais, Simmental, Limousin, or Black-and-white flowers, were selected to improve the yak produced by crossbreeding with local cows.

2, eat enough colostrum. The calves are fed colostrum 1 - 1.5 hours after birth and they must eat enough within 7 days. Because colostrum helps in antibacterial, diarrhea and fecal nutrition, it is extremely rich in nutrients. At the same time, add some vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E.

3, yak breeding. Early feeding of calves is very important. At the age of 1 week, training and drinking warm water began. Early feeding of some green, roughage and concentrates: In general, begin training at the age of 10-20 days. When starting the training, concentrate the condiment into porridge, add a little milk, and feed 10-20 grams on the first day. Gradually increase. Feeding amount; 10-20 g carrot pieces are smashed daily starting at 20 days of age, then gradually increasing the amount of feed; at the 30th day of age, the bar is set with hay material to induce its feeding; 60 days old starts to feed silage, for the first time The amount of feed is 100-150 grams. Must ensure adequate drinking water. Calves and cows need to be kept in separate rows, and breastfeeding is regularly released. Yak must have moderate exercise. Calves were weaned at 135 days of age.

4. Disinfection of fattening houses. Before the yaks are transferred to the finishing houses, the ground and walls of the finishing houses are disinfected with a 2% alkali solution.

5. Yaks are fed to rearing houses after weaning. Fattening houses are standardized plastic film greenhouses, and the temperature should be kept within the range of 6-25°C to ensure that it is warm in winter and cool in summer. Take a shady shed in summer and keep it well ventilated. Winter double-layer plastic film, pay attention to ventilation, timely removal of harmful gases. According to the order from big to small, the cattle body should be tied, fixed and positioned. The reins should be 40-60 cm.

6, feeding fattening cattle. The calves were transferred to the rearing house for 10 to 14 days of training, adapting to the environment and feed, and gradually transitioning to the fattening diet. In summer, lush grasses are also the best season for grazing. They use the advantages of high nutritional value, good palatability, and high digestibility of wild grasses and adopt grazing and fattening methods. When the temperature exceeds 30 °C, pay attention to the cooling of the sun, you can take the night grazing method, during the spring and autumn grazing during the day, night feeding a certain amount of blue (half dry) storage, ammoniated, micro-storage and other rough feed and a small amount of fine material. In the winter, it is necessary to add a certain amount of concentrate, and appropriately increase the energy feed (cotton seed cake, etc.). Diet formula for fattening cattle refers to the following two formulas:

(1) 35.2% cornmeal, 5.9% soybean cake, 29.3% distiller's grains, 29.3% hay, 0.3% salt, plus 1% of compound additives; (2) 19.6-12.2% concentrate, 28.4-27.1% distiller's grains, 8.4-9.1% hay, micro-stock Straw 42.2-44.2%, plus 1% of composite additives.

7, the management of fattening cattle. Feeding fattening calves feed three times a day, feeding grass fodder, feeding ingredients, and finally drinking water. Be careful not to feed iced feed and drink cold water, and drink warm water in winter. Drinking water is usually done 1 hour after feeding. The fattened cattle were dewormed with insect venom or levamisole 10-12 months old. The oral dose of insect venom is 0.1 g/kg body weight per oral dose; the oral dose of levamisole is 8 mg/kg body weight per cow. At the age of 12 months, the stomach was given “artificial salt” once and the oral dose was 60-80 grams per cow. Every day, wipe the body of cattle 1 times to promote blood circulation, increase appetite, keep the body clean, and keep the utensils washed and disinfected. The fattening cattle should do a good job of prevention and control of the disease on time, observe the cattle’s feeding, drinking, and rumination regularly, and find that the disease is treated in time.

8, timely slaughter. When fattening cattle 18-22 months old, weighing 500 kg, and full body muscles, subcutaneous fat attached well, you can slaughter.

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