I. Asking questions
Watermelon is sweet and delicious and people love it. Watermelon grafting can overcome continuous cropping obstacles and increase disease resistance. Many people do not understand how it is planted, grafted and managed. Therefore, we investigated the method of grafting watermelon.
Second, the purpose of the study
Understand the grafting method of watermelon, cultivate the ability of hands-on practice
Third, research methods
Visiting professionals, hands-on practice, online inquiries, group discussions, summary reports
Fourth, the study steps
1. Ask questions that you do not understand
2. Visit professionals
3, hands-on practice
4, online query
5, complete the thesis
V. Contents
1, commonly used grafting method - cutting method and splicing method
There are many methods for grafting watermelon, but the most common method for farmers is the cutting method. The general cutting process is:
(1) Preparation. Selected rootstocks (usually pumpkin seedlings or gourd seedlings), scion seedlings (watermelon seedlings); ready bamboo sticks, blades.
(2) Steamed bread. Remove the apical shoot buds and true leaves on both sides (3). Support the rootstock cotyledon with your left index finger and your middle finger, press the right side of the cotyledon slightly to make the cotyledon slightly open. Hold the bamboo stick with your right hand and make the skewer face downwards. Insert from the base of the right cotyledium obliquely to the lower left and touch the index finger of your left hand. stop.
(4) Cut the seedlings: Remove the watermelon seedlings, and gently pinch the cotyledons with their left thumb and index finger to close them, hold the middle finger on the embryonic axis, and hold the blade in the right hand so that the blade is perpendicular to the embryonic axis, about 1 mm at the base of the ion leaf. Place a knife and make the section approximately 8-10 mm long. Cut off the hypocotyls and radicles.
(5) Grafting: Pull out the bamboo stick and insert the watermelon scion seedling from the socket. It is advisable that the watermelon scion seedling is slightly exposed at the lower part of the rootstock. This will allow the two cut surfaces to fully overlap, ensure the transportation of nutrients and moisture, and improve the grafted seedlings. The survival rate.
The splicing method is also a common method for grafting watermelons. Remove the growing point of the rootstock, and peck about 1-1.5cm from the top with a blade on one side; then cut the watermelon hypocotyl into a wedge shape, cut noodles about 1-1.5cm, and insert the good watermelon seedling into the cornice; Flatten and fix with clips. If the real wood hypocotyls are too long, they should not be connected. A knife can be cut diagonally down the side of the hypocotyl, and then the wedge-shaped scion can be inserted into the fistula.
2. Before and after grafting on melon seedlings management and grafting notes
(1) Rootstock and scion period determination The watermelon seedling age within the seedling stage is generally 30-40 days, using the method of grafting, seeding watermelon seed soaked with germination, 4-5 days after sowing seedstocks soaked with germination; The rootstock was first sowed with the cutting method, and the watermelon was sown 5-7 days later.
(2) What problems need to pay attention to grafted watermelon?
After discussions with the students and online inquiries, the following are obtained:
1 It is necessary to use rootstocks with strong affinity and without changing the quality of watermelon, such as gourds, pumpkins, melon melons and so on.
2 Keep the grafting environment and grafting tools clean.
3 In strict accordance with the requirements of temperature and humidity management. Within 3-5 days after grafting, the temperature is controlled at about 26°C during the day and about 19°C at night; the air humidity is controlled at 85%-95%, and the humidity in the nutrition bowl is not easy to be too high, otherwise it is easily rotted.
4 After 2-3 days after grafting, shading should be done at noon; ventilation should be started 5-7 days later.
5 Do not bury the interface in the soil when planting in Daejeon.
It seems that watermelon grafting, like learning, requires patience and carefulness, and it takes more practice to practice well.
Sixth, subject summary and experience
Through this study on watermelon grafting methods, we learned more about agricultural knowledge and cultivated hands-on capabilities. What is even more rare is that in this process, we learned that watermelon was not easy to come by and realized that The hard working people have learned to cherish the fruits of others’ labor. It seems that the grafting of watermelon is the same as learning. It must be patient and careful, and it must be practiced in order to practice well.
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